Trial reportCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2020
Mixed 20-peptide cancer vaccine in combination with docetaxel and dexamethasone for castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomized phase II trial.
Trial report in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Telomerase-based GX301 cancer vaccine in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomized phase II trial.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2021Trial
- Mixed 20-peptide cancer vaccine in combination with docetaxel and dexamethasone for castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomized phase II trial.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2020Trial
- Novel Immunotherapeutic Strategies for Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Mechanisms and Clinical Advances.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Recent advances and future prospects of immunotherapeutic approaches in prostate cancer.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Bolstering CD8Biology · 2025Review
- The application of emerging immunotherapy in the treatment of prostate cancer: progress, dilemma and promise.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Targeted and immunotherapeutic strategies for castration-resistant prostate cancer: emerging strategies, challenges, and future directions.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Toll-like receptor agonists as cancer vaccine adjuvants.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- Review
- Immunotherapy Vaccines for Prostate Cancer Treatment.Cancer medicine · 2024Review
- Prostate cancer immunotherapy: Improving clinical outcomes with a multi-pronged approach.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Review
- Current status and progress of the development of prostate cancer vaccines.Journal of Cancer · 2023Review
- A narrative review of the role of glucocorticoid receptors in prostate cancer: developments in last 5 years.Translational andrology and urology · 2022Review
- The Immunotherapy and Immunosuppressive Signaling in Therapy-Resistant Prostate Cancer.Biomedicines · 2022Review
- Correlation Between Imaging-Based Intermediate Endpoints and Overall Survival in Men With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Analysis of 28 Randomized Trials Using the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group (PCWG2) Criteria in 16,511 Patients.Clinical genitourinary cancer · 2022Article
- Development of Peptide-Based Vaccines for Cancer.Journal of oncology · 2022Review
- Impact of Value Frameworks on the Magnitude of Clinical Benefit: Evaluating a Decade of Randomized Trials for Systemic Therapy in Solid Malignancies.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2021Article
- Cancer Vaccines for Genitourinary Tumors: Recent Progresses and Future Possibilities.Vaccines · 2021Review
- Novel Combinatorial Approaches to Tackle the Immunosuppressive Microenvironment of Prostate Cancer.Cancers · 2021Review
- Hitchhiking on Controlled-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Opportunities and Challenges for Cancer Vaccines.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A novel cancer vaccine consisting of 20 mixed peptides (KRM-20) was designed to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) against twelve different tumor-associated antigens. The aim of this phase II trial was to examine whether KRM-20 in combination with docetaxel and dexamethasone enhances the antitumor effects in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized phase II study, we enrolled chemotherapy-naïve patients with CRPC from ten medical centers in Japan. Eligible patients were randomly assigned 1:1 centrally to receive either KRM-20 combined with docetaxel and dexamethasone (n = 25) or placebo with docetaxel and dexamethasone (n = 26). The primary endpoint was the difference in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) decline between each treatment. The rates of > 50% PSA decline in the two arms were similar (56.5% versus 53.8%; P = 0.851). Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched peptide-specific immunoglobulin G (P = 0.018) and CTL (P = 0.007) responses in the KRM-20 arm significantly increased after treatment. The addition of KRM-20 did not increase toxicity. There were no between-group differences in progression-free or overall survival (OS). The addition of KRM-20 was safe, and similar PSA decline and HLA-matched peptide-specific CTL and IgG responses increased in combination with docetaxel and dexamethasone in CRPC patients. Subgroup analysis suggested that this treatment is favorable for CRPC patients with ≥ 26% lymphocytes or PSA levels of < 11.2 ng/ml, but further clinical trials comparing OS are required.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.