ArticleEuropean radiology2020
Differential and prognostic MRI features of gallbladder neuroendocrine tumors and adenocarcinomas.
Article in European radiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gallbladder neuroendocrine neoplasms: a review.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026Review
- Article
- Targeted gene sequencing and bioinformatics analysis of patients with gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma: A case report.World journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Article
- Case Report: Diagnosing and treating gallbladder neuroendocrine neoplasms through comparative analysis: a case series and literature review.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Primary gallbladder neuroendocrine neoplasm: A case report of grade 1 well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor.International journal of surgery case reports · 2024Article
- Preoperative MRI-based nomogram to predict survival after curative resection in patients with gallbladder cancer: a retrospective multicenter analysis.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2024Article
- Comparative prognosis and risk assessment in gallbladder neuroendocrine neoplasms versus adenocarcinomas.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Neuroendocrine neoplasm of the gallbladder: Clinical features, surgical efficacy, and prognosis.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
- Gallbladder Neuroendocrine Tumors: Is There a Need for a Specific Approach?Gastrointestinal tumors · 2022Article
- Robotic versus open extended cholecystectomy for T1a-T3 gallbladder cancer: A matched comparison.Frontiers in surgery · 2022Article
- Observational
- Neuroendocrine tumors of the gallbladder.Oncology letters · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo identify MRI features that are helpful for the differentiation of gallbladder neuroendocrine tumors (GB-NETs) from gallbladder adenocarcinomas (GB-ADCs) and to evaluate their prognostic values.
methodsBetween January 2008 and December 2018, we retrospectively enrolled patients who underwent MRI for GB malignancy. Two radiologists independently assessed the MRI findings and reached a consensus. Significant MRI features, which distinguish GB-NETs from GB-ADCs, were identified. Cox regression analyses were performed to find MRI features that were prognostic for overall survival.
resultsThere were 63 patients with GB-NETs (n = 21) and GB-ADCs (n = 42). Compared with GB-ADCs, GB-NETs more frequently demonstrated the following MRI features: well-defined margins, intact overlying mucosa, and thick rim contrast enhancement and/or diffusion restriction (ps < 0.001). Liver metastases were more common and demonstrated thick rim contrast enhancement and diffusion restriction in GB-NETs (ps < 0.001). Lymph node (LN) metastasis showed thick rim diffusion restriction more often in GB-NETs than in GB-ADCs (p = 0.009). On quantitative analysis, the sizes of the GB mass and metastatic LNs in GB-NETs were larger than those in GB-ADCs (p = 0.002 and p = 0.010, respectively). The ratio of apparent diffusion coefficient values between the lesion and the spleen was lower in the GB mass, liver metastases, and LN metastases of GB-NETs than those of GB-ADCs (p < 0.001, p = 0.017, and p < 0.001, respectively). Survival analysis revealed that a large metastatic LN (hazard ratio 1.737; 95% confidence interval, 1.112-2.712) was the only poor prognostic factor (p = 0.015).
conclusionSeveral MRI features aided in differentiating between GB-NETs and GB-ADCs. A large metastatic LN was associated with poor survival. KEY POINTS: • Compared with gallbladder adenocarcinomas (GB-ADCs), neuroendocrine tumors (GB-NETs) and their metastases to the liver and lymph nodes more frequently demonstrated a thick rim appearance on contrast-enhanced MRI and diffusion-weighted images. • The ratio of apparent diffusion coefficient values between the lesion and the spleen was significantly lower for the primary mass, liver metastases, and lymph node metastases of GB-NETs than for those of GB-ADCs. • A large metastatic lymph node was the only poor prognostic factor for overall survival in patients with GB-NETs and GB-ADCs.
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