Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32024982›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of human genetics : EJHG2020

Recommendations for designing genetic test reports to be understood by patients and non-specialists.

George D Farmer, Harry Gray, Gemma Chandratillake, F Lucy Raymond, Alexandra L J Freeman

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in European journal of human genetics : EJHG, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.

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  10. Primary Care Providers' Experiences With an Active Elective Genetic Testing Program.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2025
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

George D FarmerWinton Centre for Risk & Evidence Communication, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0WA, UK. george.farmer@manchester.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2882-0310
Harry GrayWinton Centre for Risk & Evidence Communication, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0WA, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6714-0089
Gemma ChandratillakeEast Midlands & East of England NHS Genomic Medicine Service, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
F Lucy RaymondEast Midlands & East of England NHS Genomic Medicine Service, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
Alexandra L J FreemanWinton Centre for Risk & Evidence Communication, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0WA, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4115-161X
University of Cambridge · GBUniversity of Dundee · GB

Funding

Wellcome Trust 105362Wellcome Trust 204796
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Patients and non-specialist healthcare professionals are increasingly expected to understand and interpret the results of genetic or genomic testing. These results are currently reported using a variety of templates, containing different amounts, levels, and layouts of information. We set out to establish a set of recommendations for communicating genetic test results to non-expert readers. We employed a qualitative-descriptive study design with user-centred design principles, including a mixture of in-person semi-structured interviews and online questionnaires with patients, healthcare professionals and the general public. The resulting recommendations and example template include providing at-a-glance comprehension of what the test results mean for the patient; suggested next steps; and details of further information and support. Separation and inclusion of technical methodological details enhances non-specialists' understanding, while retaining important information for specialists and the patients' records. The recommendations address the high-level needs of patients and their non-specialist clinicians when receiving genetic test results. These recommendations provide a solid foundation for the major content and structure of reports, and we recommend further engagement with patients and clinicians to tailor reports to specific types of test and results.

Indexed as

ComprehensionPractice Guidelines as TopicGenetic CounselingGenetic TestingHumansMedical WritingPatientsResearch Report

Identifiers

PMID32024982
PMCPMC7316722
OpenAlexW3002996130

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.