ArticlePloS one2020
iCARE: An R package to build, validate and apply absolute risk models.
Article in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 64 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
64 citing papers in PubMed.
- The impact of breast cancer polygenic risk score disclosure on decisional conflict around risk-reducing mastectomy in women with pathogenic BRCA1/2 variants.Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics · 2026Article
- The Multiethnic Cohort: A Resource for the Study of Genetic and Nongenetic Cancer Risk across Populations.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2026Article
- Contextualizing the Utility of Polygenic Risk Scores using Absolute Risk Models in Diverse Ancestry Populations.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Clinical use of polygenic risk scores: current status, barriers and future directions.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2026Review
- Improved polygenic risk prediction models for breast cancer subtypes in women of African ancestry.Nature genetics · 2026Article
- Pathogenic Variants, Family History, and Cumulative Risk of Breast Cancer in US Women.JAMA oncology · 2025Article
- Adapting the BOADICEA breast and ovarian cancer risk models for the ethnically diverse UK population.British journal of cancer · 2025Article
- Stratifying lung adenocarcinoma risk with multi-ancestry polygenic risk scores in East Asian never-smokers.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2025Article
- Evaluating mammographic density's contribution to improve a breast cancer risk model with questionnaire-based and polygenic factors.NPJ breast cancer · 2025Article
- Stratifying Lung Adenocarcinoma Risk with Multi-ancestry Polygenic Risk Scores in East Asian Never-Smokers.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Projecting individualized probabilities of lifetime all-cancer risk.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Integration of Germline and Somatic Variation Improves Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Risk Stratification.Cancer research · 2025Article
- Ovarian cancer risk prediction: a clinical epidemiology perspective.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a risk prediction model for premenopausal breast cancer in 19 cohorts.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2025Article
- Assessment of a Polygenic Risk Score in Screening for Prostate Cancer.The New England journal of medicine · 2025Observational
- Genetic and Nongenetic Risk Factors for Breast Cancer Risk Estimation.JAMA network open · 2025Observational
- The PRIMED Consortium: Reducing disparities in polygenic risk assessment.American journal of human genetics · 2024Article
- Development of a Breast Cancer Risk Prediction Model Integrating Monogenic, Polygenic, and Epidemiologic Risk.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2024Article
- Validation of the BOADICEA model in a prospective cohort ofJournal of medical genetics · 2024Article
- Wasm-iCARE: a portable and privacy-preserving web module to build, validate, and apply absolute risk models.JAMIA open · 2024Article
4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This report describes an R package, called the Individualized Coherent Absolute Risk Estimator (iCARE) tool, that allows researchers to build and evaluate models for absolute risk and apply them to estimate an individual's risk of developing disease during a specified time interval based on a set of user defined input parameters. An attractive feature of the software is that it gives users flexibility to update models rapidly based on new knowledge on risk factors and tailor models to different populations by specifying three input arguments: a model for relative risk, an age-specific disease incidence rate and the distribution of risk factors for the population of interest. The tool can handle missing information on risk factors for individuals for whom risks are to be predicted using a coherent approach where all estimates are derived from a single model after appropriate model averaging. The software allows single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to be incorporated into the model using published odds ratios and allele frequencies. The validation component of the software implements the methods for evaluation of model calibration, discrimination and risk-stratification based on independent validation datasets. We provide an illustration of the utility of iCARE for building, validating and applying absolute risk models using breast cancer as an example.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.