ArticleOncology reports2020
Inhibitory mechanism of muscone in liver cancer involves the induction of apoptosis and autophagy.
Article in Oncology reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Energy Metabolism and Cancer Pain: A Pathway to Innovative Treatment Strategies.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Chinese medicine monomers for hepatocellular carcinoma: New ideas related to autophagy.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Review
- Volatile Compounds in Musk and Their Anti-Stroke Mechanisms.Metabolites · 2025Article
- Muscone Ameliorates High-Altitude Hypoxia Gastrointestinal Stress via Modulation of Lactobacillus Murinus and Mitochondrial Metabolism.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Modulating Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Gastrointestinal Cancers: Insights from Traditional Chinese Medicine.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Review
- Muscone abrogates breast cancer progression through tumor angiogenic suppression via VEGF/PI3K/Akt/MAPK signaling pathways.Cancer cell international · 2024Article
- Targeting the mTOR Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Therapeutic Potential of Natural Products.Journal of inflammation research · 2024Review
- Sestrin2: multifaceted functions, molecular basis, and its implications in liver diseases.Cell death & disease · 2023Review
- A review on the mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of natural products by targeting the endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis pathway.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- A paradoxical role for sestrin 2 protein in tumor suppression and tumorigenesis.Cancer cell international · 2021Review
- Antitumor Effect of Morusin via G1 Arrest and Antiglycolysis by AMPK Activation in Hepatocellular Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Muscone suppresses gastric cancer via regulation of miRNA-145.Food science & nutrition · 2021Article
- Zoology, chemical composition, pharmacology, quality control and future perspective of Musk (Moschus): a review.Chinese medicine · 2021Review
- Myricetin induces apoptosis and autophagy by inhibiting PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling in human colon cancer cells.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Traditionally, musk has been used as an analgesic to treat pain associated with cancer. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive tumor; however, patients with liver cancer that received musk were reported to live longer and have a higher quality of life. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate whether muscone, a macrocyclic compound of musk, demonstrated potential as an anti‑liver cancer drug for the non‑surgical treatment of advanced liver cancer. Briefly, liver cancer cells were treated with muscone and the rates of cellular apoptosis and autophagy were investigated using staining techniques and western blotting. The underlying molecular mechanisms of muscone were evaluated using high‑throughput sequencing and the in vitro effects of muscone were subsequently validated in vivo using a nude mouse model. Muscone increased the rates of apoptosis and autophagy in liver cancer cells; the increase in cellular apoptosis was observed to occur through endoplasmic reticulum stress responses, whereas muscone‑induced autophagy was closely associated with the AMP kinase/mTOR complex 1 signaling pathway. These findings were verified in vivo. Notably, sestrin‑2 expression levels were also significantly decreased in liver cancer tissues compared with paracancerous tissues. In conclusion, the present study suggests that muscone demonstrates potential as an anticancer drug, and the findings of the present study provide the basis for the development of effective anticancer drugs derived from natural compounds.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.