ReviewJournal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology2020
The Neuropsychiatric Inventory: Development and Applications.
Review in Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 149 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
149 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 230 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating the Use of Anxiety Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) in Dementia Clinical Trials: A Systematic Review.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy and Safety of Cannabinoids for Neuropsychiatric Symptoms of Dementia: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis.CNS drugs · 2026Pooled it
- Music-based therapeutic interventions for people with dementia.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Activity and Behavioral Recognition Using Sensing Technology in Persons with Parkinson's Disease or Dementia: An Umbrella Review of the Literature.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia associated with vascular impairment: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2025Pooled it
- Well-Being Benefits of Horticulture-Based Activities for Community Dwelling People with Dementia: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- How Singing can Help People With Dementia and Their Family Care-Partners: A Mixed Studies Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis, Thematic Synthesis, and Meta-Integration.Frontiers in psychology · 2021Pooled it
- Efficacy of Brexpiprazole on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms and Impact on Caregivers: Pooled Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) Analysis in Patients With Agitation Associated With Dementia due to Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology · 2026Trial
- The effectiveness of a cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia based intervention to improve sleep quality in nursing home residents, a cluster randomised controlled trial.European geriatric medicine · 2026Trial
- The effectiveness of a hybrid mindfulness-based intervention in reducing stress among informal caregivers of people with dementia: a randomized controlled trial.The Gerontologist · 2025Trial
- Correlation between changes in apathy and cognition in Alzheimer's disease associated apathy: Analysis of the Apathy in Dementia Methylphenidate Trial 2 (ADMET 2).International psychogeriatrics · 2025Trial
- Effect of need-based care on behavioural and psychological symptoms in residents with dementia and formal caregivers' distress in nursing homes: a three-arm cluster randomized controlled trial.European geriatric medicine · 2023Trial
- Trial
- Benfotiamine and Cognitive Decline in Alzheimer's Disease: Results of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Phase IIa Clinical Trial.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2020Trial
- Higher burden of neuropsychiatric symptom-like behaviors associated with canine cognitive dysfunction compared to normal aging in the Dog Aging Project.GeroScience · 2026Article
- Orexin, Sleep, and Cognition in Alzheimer Disease: Non-REM Oscillatory Activity and Neural Resilience.Neurology · 2026Observational
- Worry and Anxiety in the Era of Early Diagnosis and Disease Modifying Treatment for Alzheimer's Disease.Current psychiatry reports · 2026Review
- Caregiver Neuroticism Amplifies the Effect of Cognitive Impairment Severity on Caregiver Burden Among Dementia Caregivers.Psychiatry investigation · 2026Article
- A gradual and sustainable approach to diagnosing sleep and circadian disturbances in dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Review
89 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
reasons for the studyThe Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) has been used for studies of neuropsychiatric symptoms in neurodegenerative disorders for the past 25 years. This article reviews the history of the development and application of the NPI. MAIN
findingsThe NPI consists of 10 (or 12) items that are assayed with questions, subquestions, and ratings of frequency and severity. The NPI has been shown to be valid and reliable. The NPI has been translated into approximately 40 languages; it has 4 of versions designed for different clinical applications. The NPI studies show contrasting profiles of behavioral symptoms in different neurologic disorders. The NPI has been used in approximately 350 clinical trials. In economic studies, the NPI captures the cost of behavioral symptoms in dementias. PRINCIPLE
conclusionsThe NPI is a useful instrument for capturing behavioral changes in Alzheimer disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.