ArticleJournal of medical radiation sciences2020
Comparison of 3D printed nose bolus to traditional wax bolus for cost-effectiveness, volumetric accuracy and dosimetric effect.
Article in Journal of medical radiation sciences, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- 3D-Printed Bolus-Assisted Radiotherapy for Converting Unresectable Breast Cancer with a Breast Prosthesis into a Resectable Condition: A Case Report.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2026Article
- Structural and physicochemical stability of 3D-printed bolus materials used in radiotherapy.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Clinical application of 3D-printed bolus in postmastectomy radiotherapy.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2025Article
- The dosimetric value and safety evaluation of 3D printed bolus in adjuvant intensity-modulated radiotherapy after radical mastectomy for breast cancer: a prospective cohort study.Radiation oncology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Application of 3D printing for personalized boluses in radiotherapy: a systematic review.Reports of practical oncology and radiotherapy : journal of Greatpoland Cancer Center in Poznan and Polish Society of Radiation Oncology · 2025Review
- A quick guide on implementing and quality assuring 3D printing in radiation oncology.Journal of applied clinical medical physics · 2023Review
- Synthetic cranial MRI from 3D optical surface scans using deep learning for radiation therapy treatment planning.Physical and engineering sciences in medicine · 2023Article
- Study on the application of 3D printing head film fixation technology in cranial radiotherapy.Journal of Cancer · 2023Article
- Not all 3D-printed bolus is created equal: Variation between 3D-printed polylactic acid (PLA) bolus samples sourced from external manufacturers.Journal of medical radiation sciences · 2022Article
- Optical scan and 3D printing guided radiation therapy - an application and provincial experience in cutaneous nasal carcinoma.3D printing in medicine · 2022Article
- A dosimetric comparison of CT- and photogrammetry- generated 3D printed HDR brachytherapy surface applicators.Physical and engineering sciences in medicine · 2022Article
- 3D-printed bolus ensures the precise postmastectomy chest wall radiation therapy for breast cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Article
- The Clinical Application of 3D-Printed Boluses in Superficial Tumor Radiotherapy.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- Comparison of 3D printed nose bolus to traditional wax bolus for cost-effectiveness, volumetric accuracy and dosimetric effect.Journal of medical radiation sciences · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionThree-dimensional printing technology has the potential to streamline custom bolus production in radiotherapy. This study evaluates the volumetric, dosimetric and cost differences between traditional wax and 3D printed versions of nose bolus.
methodNose plaster impressions from 24 volunteers were CT scanned and planned. Planned virtual bolus was manufactured in wax and created in 3D print (100% and 18% shell infill density) for comparison. To compare volume variations and dosimetry, each constructed bolus was CT scanned and a plan replicating the reference plan fields generated. Bolus manufacture time and material costs were analysed.
resultsMean volume differences between the virtual bolus (VB) and wax, and the VB and 18% and 100% 3D shells were -3.05 ± 11.06 cm
conclusionThree-dimensional printed bolus replicated the VB geometry with less cost for manufacture than wax bolus. When shells are printed with 100% infill density, 3D bolus dosimetrically replicates the reference plan.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.