ArticleClinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)2020
Associations between omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, hyperinsulinemia and incident diabetes by race/ethnicity: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis.
Article in Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Meta-Analysis for Epigenome-Wide Association Studies.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Pooled it
- Identification of blood biomarkers of a healthy dietary pattern as facilitated by cluster analysis in patients from the MEDDINI study: a pilot randomised trial.Journal of nutritional science · 2026Trial
- Identification of a High Visceral Adiposity Phenotype: A Cluster Analysis-Based Stratification of NAFLD Risk in the Elderly.Clinical interventions in aging · 2026Article
- The physiology of MASLD: molecular pathways between liver and adipose tissues.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2025Review
- Selection scan in Native Americans of Mexico identifiesHeliyon · 2024Article
- Article
- Impaired Detoxification of Trans, Trans-2,4-Decadienal, an Oxidation Product from Omega-6 Fatty Acids, Alters Insulin Signaling, Gluconeogenesis and Promotes Microvascular Disease.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2024Article
- Association of Dietary Changes with Risk Factors of Type 2 Diabetes among Older Adults in Sharpeville, South Africa, from 2004 to 2014.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Pharmacological and Nutritional Modulation of Metabolome and Metagenome in Cardiometabolic Disorders.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Insulinaemic potential of diet and lifestyle and risk of type 2 diabetes in the Iranian adults: result from Yazd health study.BMC endocrine disorders · 2023Article
- The roles of dietary lipids and lipidomics in gut-brain axis in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Review
- Associations of fatty acids composition and estimated desaturase activities in erythrocyte phospholipids with biochemical and clinical indicators of cardiometabolic risk in non-diabetic Serbian women: the role of level of adiposity.Frontiers in nutrition · 2023Article
- Causal relationship between linoleic acid and type 2 diabetes and glycemic traits: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- The MAP-Kinase HOG1 Controls Cold Adaptation in Rhodosporidium kratochvilovae by Promoting Biosynthesis of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Glycerol.Current microbiology · 2022Article
- Low Percentage of Vegetable Fat in Red Blood Cells Is Associated with Worse Glucose Metabolism and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes.Nutrients · 2022Article
- Plasma Oxylipin Profile Discriminates Ethnicities in Subjects with Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis: An Exploratory Analysis.Metabolites · 2022Article
- Nutrients and Dietary Approaches in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Cardiovascular Disease: A Narrative Review.Nutrients · 2021Review
- Association of the insulinemic potential of diet and lifestyle with risk of diabetes incident in Tehranian adults: a population based cohort study.Nutrition journal · 2021Article
- Associations of Serum Nonesterified Fatty Acids With Coronary Heart Disease Mortality and Nonfatal Myocardial Infarction: The CHS (Cardiovascular Health Study) Cohort.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Article
- Effect of docosahexaenoic acid plus insulin on atherosclerotic human endothelial cells.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND &
aimsOmega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to relate to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D), but influence of race/ethnicity has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to determine whether omega-6 PUFAs, and estimated desaturase enzyme activity, are associated with fasting glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and incident T2D, and whether associations differ by race/ethnicity.
methodsThis study was conducted in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) (N = 6282). Associations between baseline plasma phospholipid fatty acids (LA, Linoleic Acid; GLA, γ-linoleic acid; DGLA, Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid; AA, arachidonic acid; D5D, delta-5 desaturase; D6D, delta-6 desaturase), fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR [(fasting insulin - fasting glucose)/22.5] were evaluated using linear regression. Associations between omega-6 PUFAs (N = 5508 after excluding diabetics at baseline) and T2D incidence were assessed using Cox proportional hazards regression. Analyses were replicated/stratified by race/ethnicity (White, Black, Chinese, Hispanic) and tests for interaction were assessed by inclusion of a cross-product term in models.
resultsIn fully adjusted models, insulin and HOMA-IR were positively associated with LA (insulin: 0.213 per SD, p = 0.01; HOMA-IR: 0.252 per SD, p < 0.001), GLA (insulin: 0.010 per SD, p < 0.001; HOMA-IR: 0.006 per SD, p < 0.001), DGLA (insulin: 0.279 per SD, p < 0.001; HOMA-IR: 0.175 per SD, p < 0.001) and D6D activity (insulin: 0.001 per SD, p < 0.001; HOMA-IR: 0.006 per SD, p < 0.001), and inversely associated with AA (insulin -0.272 per SD, p < 0.001; HOMA-IR: -0.125 per SD, p = 0.03) and D5D activity (insulin: -0.530 per SD, p < 0.001; HOMA-IR: -0.322 per SD, p < 0.001), while weak or no associations were observed with fasting glucose, and associations appeared to differ by race/ethnicity. After accounting for HOMA-IR at baseline, LA was inversely (HR: 0.87, p = 0.003) and DGLA (HR: 1.17, p < 0.001) and AA (HR: 1.15, p = 0.001) were positively associated with T2D in the overall population, but associations were attenuated or no longer present when stratified by race/ethnicity (P-interaction >0.05).
conclusionsResults confirm previous reports that omega-6 PUFAs are associated with hyperinsulinemia. Findings suggest omega-6 PUFAs are more likely markers of hyperinsulinemia rather than a protective/risk factor for T2D and indicate racial/ethnic differences in associations, but further research is needed to confirm findings.
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