ArticlePsychological medicine2021
Posttraumatic stress disorder symptom trajectories within the first year following emergency department admissions: pooled results from the International Consortium to predict PTSD.
Article in Psychological medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Time course of symptoms in posttraumatic stress disorder with delayed expression: A systematic review.Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica · 2022Pooled it
- A longitudinal assessment of posttraumatic stress symptoms and pain catastrophizing after injury.Rehabilitation psychology · 2023Trial
- The Nova Protocol: a comprehensive multimodal longitudinal study among civilian survivors of a mass trauma event.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- Elevated rates of adverse PTSD symptom trajectories in a civilian mass-trauma cohort.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Article
- A minimal model of PTSD susceptibility and timescales.iScience · 2026Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- A Qualitative Exploration of Post-Injury Challenges and the Potential Role of the PTSD Coach Mobile Application to Improve Recovery Among Acutely Injured Patients.Journal of clinical psychology · 2026Article
- Risk Factors of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Trajectories for ICU Bereaved Family Members.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2025Article
- Connectome-Based Predictive Modeling of PTSD Development Among Recent Trauma Survivors.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder: evolving conceptualization and evidence, and future research directions.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2025Article
- Post-Intensive Care Syndrome as a Burden for Patients and Their Caregivers: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Research with women sexual assault survivors presenting for emergency care is safe: Results from a multi-site, prospective observational cohort study.Journal of psychiatric research · 2024Observational
- Racial discrimination increases the risk for nonremitting posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms in traumatically injured Black individuals living in the United States.Journal of traumatic stress · 2024Article
- Trajectories of post-traumatic stress in sepsis survivors two years after ICU discharge: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.Critical care (London, England) · 2024Review
- Exploring transdiagnostic stress and trauma-related symptoms across the world: a latent class analysis.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2024Article
- Article
- The Factors Affecting Longitudinal Course of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms in Sexual Assault Victims.Psychiatry investigation · 2023Article
- Assessment of Traumatic Stress Symptoms During the Acute Posttrauma Period.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2023Review
- Early intervention in post-traumatic stress disorder without exposure to trauma memories using internet-delivered cognitive therapy: A pilot case series.The British journal of clinical psychology · 2023Article
- Posttraumatic Stress Symptom Trajectories in Family Caregivers of Patients With Acute Cardiorespiratory Failure.JAMA network open · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 12 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundResearch exploring the longitudinal course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms has documented four modal trajectories (low, remitting, high, and delayed), with proportions varying across studies. Heterogeneity could be due to differences in trauma types and patient demographic characteristics.
methodsThis analysis pooled data from six longitudinal studies of adult survivors of civilian-related injuries admitted to general hospital emergency departments (EDs) in six countries (pooled N = 3083). Each study included at least three assessments of the clinician-administered PTSD scale in the first post-trauma year. Latent class growth analysis determined the proportion of participants exhibiting various PTSD symptom trajectories within and across the datasets. Multinomial logistic regression analyses examined demographic characteristics, type of event leading to the injury, and trauma history as predictors of trajectories differentiated by their initial severity and course.
resultsFive trajectories were found across the datasets: Low (64.5%), Remitting (16.9%), Moderate (6.7%), High (6.5%), and Delayed (5.5%). Female gender, non-white race, prior interpersonal trauma, and assaultive injuries were associated with increased risk for initial PTSD reactions. Female gender and assaultive injuries were associated with risk for membership in the Delayed (v. Low) trajectory, and lower education, prior interpersonal trauma, and assaultive injuries with risk for membership in the High (v. Remitting) trajectory.
conclusionsThe results suggest that over 30% of civilian-related injury survivors admitted to EDs experience moderate-to-high levels of PTSD symptoms within the first post-trauma year, with those reporting assaultive violence at increased risk of both immediate and longer-term symptoms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.