ReviewAnnals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology2020
Use of endotypes, phenotypes, and inflammatory markers to guide treatment decisions in chronic rhinosinusitis.
Review in Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 69 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
69 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 135 citations in OpenAlex.
- Correlation of Local Nasal Biomarkers and Olfactory Dysfunction in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2026Pooled it
- The Use of Biomarkers to Justify the Choice of the Proper Biologic Agent for the Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Systematic Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Nasal Cytology in Precision Rhinology: From Local Cellular Phenotyping to Personalized Management of Nasal Inflammatory Diseases.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Differences in Biologic Clinical Trials for Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps-Are We Comparing Apples With Oranges?International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2026Review
- Establishing the PMThe Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Article
- How to Identify Type 2 Chronic Rhinosinusitis in East Asian Patients.Journal of rhinology : official journal of the Korean Rhinologic Society · 2026Review
- Nrf2: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Glucocorticoid-Resistant Chronic Rhinosinusitis.Clinical and experimental otorhinolaryngology · 2026Review
- Inflammatory Endotypes of Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Impacts on Comorbid Asthma.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Dysregulated glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis and retinoid metabolism in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: insights from a comprehensive transcriptomic analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Review
- Central compartment atopic disease: Advances in pathogenesis and stratified treatment.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Review
- Association Between Subjective Symptom Severity and Radiologic Involvement in CRSwNP Patients Using SNOT-22 and Lund-Mackay Scores.Iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology · 2026Article
- FeNO as a Non-Invasive Biomarker of Type 2 Inflammation in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: Correlation with Serum IgE and Eosinophils.Iranian journal of otorhinolaryngology · 2026Article
- Feasibility of Treating Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis Using Short-Chain Fatty Acids.The Laryngoscope · 2025Article
- Long-Term Particulate Matter Exposure May Increase Risk of Chronic Rhinosinusitis WIth Nasal Polyposis: Results From an Exposure-Matched Study.International forum of allergy & rhinology · 2025Article
- Peripheral blood metabolic profiles of chronic rhinosinusitis and their mediating role between obesity and disease.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Sleep in disease: inflammation and chronic rhinosinusitis.Neurobiology of sleep and circadian rhythms · 2025Article
- Blood IgE and Eosinophils are not Reliable Predictors of Nasal Tissue Eosinophils in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis.International archives of otorhinolaryngology · 2025Article
- The IL-4-IL-4Rα axis modulates olfactory neuroimmune signaling to induce loss of smell.Allergy · 2025Article
9 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveWith the advent of new treatment options for Chronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) comes the ability for physicians to provide more individualized patient care. Physicians are now tasked with identifying who may be the best candidate for a particular therapy. In this review, existing biomarkers and potentially new methods that could guide treatment choices in CRS patients will be discussed. DATA SOURCES: Published literature obtained through PubMed searches. STUDY SELECTION: Studies relevant to inflammatory endotypes, phenotypes, and biomarkers in CRS were included.
resultsCurrently, there are no clinically validated tools that determine the best therapeutic modality for CRS patients with or without nasal polyps (CRSwNP or CRSsNP). Patients with CRS can be classified into three endotypes based on the presence of type 1, type 2, or type 3 inflammation. CRS endotypes can be influenced by age and geographic location. Clinical application however may be limited since endotyping current requires basic research laboratory support. Clinical symptoms may also predict inflammatory endotypes with smell loss being indicative of type 2 inflammation. Numbers of tissue and/or peripheral eosinophils as well as levels of IgE may predict disease severity in CRSwNP but not necessarily treatment responses. Unique clinical phenotypes or biomarkers are especially lacking that predict type 1 or type 3 inflammation in CRSwNP or type 1, type 2, or type 3 inflammation in CRSsNP.
conclusionWhile significant progress has been made in characterizing endotypes, phenotypes, and biomarkers in CRS, additional studies are needed to determine if and how these factors could assist physicians in providing more individualized clinical care.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.