Evidence map›Paper›PMID 32007134›Full record

ArticleThe Lancet. Public health2020

Association between socioeconomic status and the development of mental and physical health conditions in adulthood: a multi-cohort study.

Mika Kivimäki, G David Batty, Jaana Pentti, Martin J Shipley, Pyry N Sipilä, Solja T Nyberg, Sakari B Suominen, Tuula Oksanen, Sari Stenholm, Marianna Virtanen and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in The Lancet. Public health, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 411 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
411citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
42.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

411 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 724 citations in OpenAlex.

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351 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.

Mika KivimäkiDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK. Electronic address: m.kivimaki@ucl.ac.uk.
G David BattyDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK; School of Biological and Population Health Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA.
Jaana PenttiClinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland; Department of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Martin J ShipleyDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
Pyry N SipiläClinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Solja T NybergClinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Sakari B SuominenDepartment of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; School of Health and Education, University of Skövde, Skövde, Sweden.
Tuula OksanenFinnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
Sari StenholmDepartment of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Marianna VirtanenSchool of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland.
Michael G MarmotInstitute of Health Equity, University College London, London, UK.
Archana Singh-ManouxDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK; INSERM U1153, Epidemiology of Ageing and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Université de Paris, France.
Eric J BrunnerDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
Joni V LindbohmClinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Jane E FerrieDepartment of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK; School of Community and Social Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
Jussi VahteraDepartment of Public Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
University College London · GBUniversity of Helsinki · FIFinnish Institute of Occupational Health · FIInserm · FRTurku University Hospital · FIUniversity of Bristol · GBUniversity of Eastern Finland · FIUniversity of Skövde · SEUniversity of Turku · FI

Funding

Education, socioeconomic status and Aging: transitions from multimorbidity to functional limitations and mortalityR01AG056477 · NIA · UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON · PI KIVIMAKI, MIKA J, SINGH-MANOUX, ARCHANA · 2018 to 2022
$2.8M
British Heart Foundation RG/13/2/30098British Heart Foundation RG/16/11/32334Medical Research Council K013351Medical Research Council MR/R024227/1Medical Research Council MR/S011676/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSocioeconomic disadvantage is a risk factor for many diseases. We characterised cascades of these conditions by using a data-driven approach to examine the association between socioeconomic status and temporal sequences in the development of 56 common diseases and health conditions.

methodsIn this multi-cohort study, we used data from two Finnish prospective cohort studies: the Health and Social Support study and the Finnish Public Sector study. Our pooled prospective primary analysis data comprised 109 246 Finnish adults aged 17-77 years at study entry. We captured socioeconomic status using area deprivation and education at baseline (1998-2013). Participants were followed up for health conditions diagnosed according to the WHO International Classification of Diseases until 2016 using linkage to national health records. We tested the generalisability of our findings with an independent UK cohort study-the Whitehall II study (9838 people, baseline in 1997, follow-up to 2017)-using a further socioeconomic status indicator, occupational position.

findingsDuring 1 110 831 person-years at risk, we recorded 245 573 hospitalisations in the Finnish cohorts; the corresponding numbers in the UK study were 60 946 hospitalisations in 186 572 person-years. Across the three socioeconomic position indicators and after adjustment for lifestyle factors, compared with more advantaged groups, low socioeconomic status was associated with increased risk for 18 (32·1%) of the 56 conditions. 16 diseases formed a cascade of inter-related health conditions with a hazard ratio greater than 5. This sequence began with psychiatric disorders, substance abuse, and self-harm, which were associated with later liver and renal diseases, ischaemic heart disease, cerebral infarction, chronic obstructive bronchitis, lung cancer, and dementia.

interpretationOur findings highlight the importance of mental health and behavioural problems in setting in motion the development of a range of socioeconomically patterned physical illnesses. Policy and health-care practice addressing psychological health issues in social context and early in the life course could be effective strategies for reducing health inequalities.

fundingUK Medical Research Council, US National Institute on Aging, NordForsk, British Heart Foundation, Academy of Finland, and Helsinki Institute of Life Science.

Indexed as

Health Status DisparitiesSocial ClassAdolescentAdultAgedFemaleFinlandHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesRisk FactorsYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID32007134
OpenAlexW3003676629

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.