ArticleBehavioural brain research2020
Chronic unpredictable intermittent restraint stress disrupts spatial memory in male, but not female rats.
Article in Behavioural brain research, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- The Potential Anti Stress-like Properties of Escitalopram on Improvement of Spatial Memory in Rats Subjected to Predictable and Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress.Advanced biomedical research · 2026Article
- Inhibition of prefrontal glutamatergic neuron activity during the recovery period following chronic stress disrupts fear memory in male rats: potential role of the infralimbic cortex.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Chronic 17β-estradiol treatment improves negative valence, anhedonic profile, and social interactions in ovariectomized, middle-aged female rats.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- Sex differences in anxiety and depression: insights from adult rodent models of chronic stress and neural plasticity.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Review
- Corticosterone disrupts spatial working memory during retention testing when highly taxed, which positively correlates with depressive-like behavior in middle-aged, ovariectomized female rats.Hormones and behavior · 2024Article
- Nrf2 activation rescues stress-induced depression-like behaviour and inflammatory responses in male but not female rats.Biology of sex differences · 2024Article
- Recent advances in anxiety disorders: Focus on animal models and pathological mechanisms.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2023Review
- Research Progress on the Etiology and Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease from the Perspective of Chronic Stress.Aging and disease · 2023Review
- Restraint Stress Exacerbates Apoptosis in a 6-OHDA Animal Model of Parkinson Disease.Neurotoxicity research · 2023Article
- Chronic stress beginning in adolescence decreases spatial memory following an acute inflammatory challenge in adulthood.Behavioural brain research · 2023Article
- Effects of Hyssopus Officinalis Hydroalcoholic Extract on Pentylenetetrazol-Induced Convulsive Seizures in Rat.Neurochemical research · 2022Article
- Comparison of inflammatory and behavioral responses to chronic stress in female and male mice.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2022Article
- Sex differences in cognition following variations in endocrine status.Learning & memory (Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y.) · 2022Review
- Resilience to the effects of social stress on vulnerability to developing drug addiction.World journal of psychiatry · 2022Review
- The effects of freshFrontiers in pharmacology · 2022Article
- Sex-dependent effects of multiple acute concurrent stresses on memory: a role for hippocampal estrogens.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Sex differences in cognitive flexibility are driven by the estrous cycle and stress-dependent.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Article
- Object recognition tasks in rats: Does sex matter?Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic stress leads to sex-dependent outcomes on spatial memory by producing deficits in males, but not in females. Recently it was reported that compared to daily restraint, intermittent restraint (IR) produced more robust stress and anxiety responses in male rats. Whether IR would be sufficiently robust to impair hippocampal-dependent spatial memory in both male and female rats was investigated. IR involved mixing restraint with non-restraint days over weeks before assessing spatial memory and anxiety profile on the radial arm water maze, object placement, novel object recognition, Y-maze, open field and novelty suppressed feeding. Experiments 1 and 2 used Sprague-Dawley male rats only and determined that IR for 6 h/d (IR6), but not 2 h/d, impaired spatial memory and that task order was important. In experiment 3, IR6 was extended for 6wks before spatial memory testing commenced using both sexes. Unexpectedly, an extended IR6 paradigm failed to impair spatial memory in either sex, suggesting that by 6wks IR6 may have become predictable. In experiment 4, an unpredictable IR (UIR) paradigm was implemented, in which restraint duration (30 or 60-min) combined with orbital shaking, time of day, and the days off from UIR were varied. UIR impaired spatial memory in males, but not in females. Together with other reports, these findings support the interpretation that chronic stress negatively impairs hippocampal-dependent function in males, but not in females. We interpret these findings to show that females are more resilient to chronic stress than are males as it pertains to spatial ability.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.