ArticleOncoimmunology2020
GD2-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cells prevent metastasis formation by elimination of breast cancer stem-like cells.
Article in Oncoimmunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 91 citations in OpenAlex.
- Application of CAR-T cell therapy in orthopedics: From bone malignancies to non-malignant musculoskeletal disorders.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Review
- Targeting Sphingolipids in Breast Cancer: From Tumor Biology to Therapeutic Strategies.Oncology research · 2026Review
- Targeting triple-negative breast cancer using cord-blood CD34⁺ HSPC-derived mesothelin-specific CAR-NKT cells with potent antitumor activity.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2025Article
- Targeting cancer stem cells with CAR-based immunotherapy: biology, evidence, and future directions.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Targeting "don't eat me" signal: breast cancer immunotherapy.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2025Review
- Current status and innovative developments of CAR-T-cell therapy for the treatment of breast cancer.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- The new era of immunotherapy for breast cancer: challenges and coping strategies of CAR-T cell therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- Revolutionizing cancer treatment: an in-depth exploration of CAR-T cell therapies.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2024Review
- GD2 and its biosynthetic enzyme GD3 synthase promote tumorigenesis in prostate cancer by regulating cancer stem cell behavior.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- DNA Damage-Induced Apoptosis Suppressor Triggers Progression and Stemness of Glioma by Enhancing Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1 Expression.World journal of oncology · 2024Article
- Improving efficacy of TNBC immunotherapy: based on analysis and subtyping of immune microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- CAR-based immunotherapy for breast cancer: peculiarities, ongoing investigations, and future strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Engineered Adoptive T-Cell Therapies for Breast Cancer: Current Progress, Challenges, and Potential.Cancers · 2023Review
- Journey of CAR T‑cells: Emphasising the concepts and advancements in breast cancer (Review).International journal of oncology · 2023Review
- Breast cancer immunotherapy: a comprehensive review.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Review
- Targeting CD24 as a novel immunotherapy for solid cancers.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2023Review
- Advances in immunotherapy for triple-negative breast cancer.Molecular cancer · 2023Review
- Update on immune-based therapy strategies targeting cancer stem cells.Cancer medicine · 2023Review
- Fine-Tuning through Generations: Advances in Structure and Production of CAR-T Therapy.Cancers · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Expression of the disialoganglioside GD2 has been identified as a marker antigen associated with a breast cancer stem-like cell (BCSC) phenotype. Here, we report on the evaluation of GD2 as a BCSC-specific target antigen for immunotherapy. GD2 expression was confirmed at variable degree in a set of breast cancer cell lines, predominantly in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). To target GD2, we have generated novel anti-GD2 chimeric antigen receptors (GD2-CAR), based on single-chain variable fragments (scFv) derived from the monoclonal antibody (mAb) ch14.18, also known as dinutuximab beta. Expressed on T cells, GD2-CARs mediated specific GD2-dependent T-cell activation and target cell lysis. In contrast to previously described GD2-CARs, no signs of exhaustion by tonic signaling were found. Importantly, application of GD2-CAR expressing T cells (GD2-CAR-T) in an orthotopic xenograft model of TNBC (MDA-MB-231) halted local tumor progression and completely prevented lung metastasis formation. In line with the BCSC model, GD2 expression was only found in a subpopulation (4-6%) of MDA-MB-231 cells before injection. Significant expansion of GD2-CAR-T in tumor-bearing mice as well as T-cell infiltrates in the primary tumor and the lungs were found, indicating site-specific activation of GD2-CAR-T. Our data strongly support previous findings of GD2 as a BCSC-associated antigen. GD2-targeted immunotherapies have been extensively studied in human. In conclusion, GD2-CAR-T should be considered a promising novel approach for GD2-positive breast cancer, especially to eliminate disseminated tumor cells and prevent metastasis formation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.