ArticleJournal of neuroinflammation2020
A comparison study of metabolic profiles, immunity, and brain gray matter volumes between patients with bipolar disorder and depressive disorder.
Article in Journal of neuroinflammation, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed, 79 citations in OpenAlex.
- Aspirin and atorvastatin augmentation treatment in patients with major affective disorders and inflammatory dysregulation: a 12-week randomised Placebo-controlled study.Acta neuropsychiatrica · 2026Trial
- Efficacy of spironolactone as adjunctive therapy to sodium valproate in bipolar-I disorder: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial.Brain and behavior · 2023Trial
- MiR-7 in neurological disorders: beyond metabolic dysregulation.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2026Review
- Schizophrenia Pathophysiology: Neurotransmitter Dysfunctions and Biomarker Frontiers.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2026Review
- Different prefrontal cortex activity patterns in bipolar and unipolar depression during verbal fluency tasks based on functional near infrared spectroscopy study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Distinct effects of psychiatric disorder diagnoses and severe emotional dysregulation on matrix metalloproteinase-9, proinflammatory cytokines, and inhibitory control function in adolescents with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder or first-episode major affective disorders.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Comparison of clinical features and inflammatory factors between patients with bipolar depression and unipolar depression.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- (Re)building the nervous system: A review of neuron-glia interactions from development to disease.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Review
- Impulsivity in ADHD and Borderline Personality Disorder: A Systematic Review of Gray and White Matter Variations.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Effect of serum concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α on brain structure in anorexia nervosa: a combined cross-sectional and longitudinal study.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Relationships among tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels, beta-amyloid accumulation, and hippocampal atrophy in patients with late-life major depressive disorder.Brain and behavior · 2024Article
- Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation and Brain Structure in the Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults.Nutrients · 2024Article
- The relationship of neuropsychiatric symptoms with inflammatory markers in the hippocampus and cingulate cortex of bipolar disorder subjects: A post-mortem study.Journal of psychiatric research · 2024Article
- The impact of body mass index on the clinical features of bipolar disorder: A STEP-BD study.Bipolar disorders · 2024Article
- Correlations between multimodal neuroimaging and peripheral inflammation in different subtypes and mood states of bipolar disorder: a systematic review.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2024Review
- Inflammatory Biomarkers, Cognitive Functioning, and Brain Imaging Abnormalities in Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review.Clinical neuropsychiatry · 2024Review
- Higher Levels of C-reactive Protein Are Associated With Higher Cortical Surface Area and Lower Cortical Thickness in Youth With Bipolar Disorder.The international journal of neuropsychopharmacology · 2023Article
- Inflammation and emotion regulation: a narrative review of evidence and mechanisms in emotion dysregulation disorders.Neuronal signaling · 2023Review
- Interleukin 6 associates with reduced grey matter volume and resting-state connectivity in the anterior cingulate cortex in bipolar patients.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2022Article
- Correlations between peripheral levels of inflammatory mediators and frontolimbic structures in bipolar disorder: an exploratory analysis.CNS spectrums · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious individual studies have shown the differences in inflammatory cytokines and gray matter volumes between bipolar disorder (BD) and unipolar depression (UD). However, few studies have investigated the association between pro-inflammatory cytokines and differences in brain gray matter volumes between BD and UD.
methodsIn this study, 72 BD patients and 64 UD patients were enrolled, with comparable gender and age distributions (33.8% males and an average age of 39.3 ± 13.7 years). Each participant underwent metabolic profiling (including body mass index (BMI), glucose, triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), leptin, insulin, adiponectin), pro-inflammatory cytokine (including soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL-6R), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), C-reactive protein (CRP), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1 (sTNF-R1) examinations, and structural magnetic resonance imaging exams. Voxel-based morphometry was performed to investigate the gray matter volume differences between BD and UD patients. Correlations between pro-inflammatory cytokines and the gray matter volume difference were analyzed.
resultsCompared to UD patients, the BD group had significantly higher BMI, and higher levels of sIL-6R and sTNF-R1 than the UD patients. The BMI significantly correlated with the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Adjusted for age, sex, BMI, duration of illness and total intracranial volume, the BD individuals had significantly more reduced gray matter volumes over 12 areas: R. cerebellar lobule VIII, R. putamen, L. putamen, R. superior frontal gyrus, L. lingual gyrus, L. precentral gyrus, R. fusiform gyrus, L. calcarine, R. precuneus, L. inferior temporal gyrus, L. hippocampus, and L. superior frontal gyrus. These 12 gray matter volume differences between BP and UD patients negatively correlated with sIL-6R and sTNF-R1 levels.
conclusionsOur results suggested that BD patients had higher BMI and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in comparison to UD patients, especially IL-6 and sTNF-R1, which may contribute to greater gray matter reductions in BD patients in comparison to UD patients. The results support the neuro-inflammation pathophysiology mechanism in mood disorder. It is clinically important to monitor BMI, which, in this investigation, positively correlated with levels of inflammatory cytokines.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.