SynthesisMedicine2020
Safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with HBV/HCV infection and advanced-stage cancer: A systematic review.
Synthesis in Medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Cure of chronic hepatitis C virus infection after DAA treatment only partially restores the functional capacity of exhausted T cell subsets: a systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC) clinical practice guideline on immunotherapy for the treatment of gynecologic cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2023Guideline
- Pooled it
- Virus-driven remodeling of the immune microenvironment and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors: the infection- immunity-cancer crosstalk.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Hepatitis C Management in a Lung Cancer Patient on Checkpoint Inhibition: A Case Report.Cureus · 2026Article
- Harmonic analysis of radial pulse in traditional Chinese medicine: physiological alterations associated with hepatitis B and hepatitis C infections.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- The immune microenvironment of pathogen-associated cancers and current clinical therapeutics.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Anti-PD-1 therapy achieves favorable outcome in gastric cancer combined with chronic hepatitis B.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Predicting the occurrence of liver injury induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma patients: a retrospective analysis.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Interventional Oncology Meets Immuno-oncology: Combination Therapies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Radiology · 2024Review
- The HCV-Melanoma Paradox: First Multi-Cohort and Molecular Net-Work Analysis Reveals Lower Incidence but Worse Outcomes-Integrating Clinical, Real-World, and In Silico Data.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Safety of nivolumab monotherapy in five cancer types: pooled analysis of post-marketing surveillance in Japan.International journal of clinical oncology · 2024Article
- Hepatobiliary complications of immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer.Exploration of targeted anti-tumor therapy · 2024Review
- Tumor-associated macrophages in anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma: recent research progress.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Possibility of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection.Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Sequential Therapy with Ropeginterferon Alfa-2b and Anti-Programmed Cell Death 1 Antibody for Inhibiting the Recurrence of Hepatitis B-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Animal Modeling to Phase I Clinical Results.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Chronic Hepatitis B Infection: New Approaches towards Cure.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and the Exposome: Host-Extrinsic Factors Determine Response, Survival, and Toxicity.Cancer research · 2023Review
- Hepatic Events and Viral Kinetics in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients Treated with Atezolizumab plus Bevacizumab.Liver cancer · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCancer patients with hepatitis B or C virus (HBV/HCV) infection are commonly seen in clinical practice, however, the data of safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) among them are sparse, because active HBV/HCV infected patients were generally excluded by clinical trials and the correlation between previous infection and treatment-related adverse events was rarely reported. This review is the first to summarize the results on the safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in HBV/HCV infected cancer patients.
methodWe searched literature and conference abstracts in PubMed and Embase followed the PRISMA guideline, using the keywords hepatitis B, hepatitis C, immune checkpoint inhibitor, ipilimumab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab, avelumab, tremelimumab. Studies described patients with HBV/HCV infection treated with ICIs for advanced stage cancer were included.
findingsOne hundred eighty six patients were identified from 14 articles (8 case reports, 4 case series, 2 trials). Eighty nine patients had HBV infection and 98 had HCV infection (1 both had HBV and HCV). The majority of patients were treated with PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy (140 of 186, 75.3%) and anti-CTLA-4 monotherapy (36 of 186, 19.4%). No treatment-related death was reported. The incidence of grade 3 or 4 hepatic transaminase elevating (HTE) in HBV and HCV infected patients were 3.4% (3/89) and 17.3% (17/98), respectively. 2.8% patients without antivirus therapy experienced virus load increasing, and 1.9% presented virus-related hepatitis. In terms of efficacy, 22 of 118 (18.6%) patients with liver cancer, 11 of 34 (32.4%) with melanoma, 1 of 6 (16.7%) with NSCLC showed objective responses (CR and PR) to ICIs in spite of lines of therapies.
conclusionICIs is considered to be safe and effective in advanced cancer patients with hepatitis B or C infection, but still has possibilities to reactive hepatitis virus due to uncertain mechanisms. We recommend that those with viral hepatitis be monitored closely and treated with antiviral therapy if indicated before or during ICIs treatment.
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