ArticleMedicine2020
Computed tomography-guided paravertebral doxorubicin injection for refractory pain in patients with spinal metastases: Two case reports.
Article in Medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors and clinical significance of refractory pain in patients with bone metastases: a comprehensive meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Pooled it
- CT-guided paravertebral injection of doxorubicin for treatment of postherpetic neuralgia: a database-based retrospective stratified study.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationaleDiagnosing and treating refractory cancer pain have become standardized and effective procedures with guidance from the Expert Consensus on Refractory Cancer Pain released in 2017 by the Committee of Rehabilitation and Palliative Care of China. Doxorubicin has been used for perineural injection in the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain owing to its retrograde sensory ganglion resection effect. Our study reports a new fourth-ladder treatment for cancer pain: CT-guided paravertebral doxorubicin injection for patients with refractory cancer pain caused by paraspinal metastasis. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 48-year-old female and a 47-year-old male patients suffered from refractory cancer pain over the past months. They had both undergone surgical tumor resection, chemotherapy, and precision radiotherapy but result in limited analgesic effect. The daily oral morphine dosage was around 60 to 100 mg and rescue analgesic methods had been used at the time. DIAGNOSES: Refractory cancer pain in 2 patients with renal cancer and hepatobiliary adenocarcinoma.
interventionsThe patients both received computed tomography (CT)-guided 1 mL of 0.5% doxorubicin paravertebral injection at each affected nerve root segments. OUTCOMES: The Visual Analog Scale and Douleur Neuropathique four Questions were used for 6-month follow-up, and the analgesic requirement was also recorded. The patients enjoyed satisfactory analgesia for up to 6 months without adverse reaction. In addition, the oral opioid analgesic doses were significantly reduced after the neurolytic block. LESSONS: The CT-guided paravertebral doxorubicin injection was an effective fourth-step analgesic interventional technology that allowed our 2 patients with refractory cancer pain to maintain satisfactory analgesia. This analgesia method taken at an appropriate stage, according to the latest analgesic concept, results in good analgesia and opioid use reduction. Also, with the imaging guidance, only a small amount of neurolytic agent is needed to achieve analgesia in a precise and safe way.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.