ArticleFrontiers in human neuroscience2019
Feedback-Related Negativity and Frontal Midline Theta Reflect Dissociable Processing of Reinforcement.
Article in Frontiers in human neuroscience, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Use of Behavioral Reconsolidation Interference in Depressive Disorders. A Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Experimental Registered Report.Psychophysiology · 2026Trial
- Midfrontal theta power relates to response speeding following frustrative nonreward.NeuroImage · 2026Article
- Dissecting the interplay of model-based control, impulsivity and compulsivity on self-control in daily life.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Oscillatory and Aperiodic Contributions to EEG Event-Related Time-Frequency Metrics During Cognitive Control and Reinforcement Processing: A Registered Report.Psychophysiology · 2025Article
- Assessment of Attentional Bias in Internet Gaming Disorder Using the Addiction Stroop Task and Event-Related Potentials.Addiction & health · 2025Article
- Sensation seeking and risk adjustment: the role of reward sensitivity in dynamic risky decisions.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2025Article
- On the effects of impulsivity and compulsivity on neural correlates of model-based performance.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Reduced Reward Processing in Schizophrenia: A Comprehensive EEG Event-Related Oscillation Study.Brain topography · 2024Article
- Yes or no? A study of ErrPs in the "guess what I am thinking" paradigm with stimuli of different visual content.Frontiers in psychology · 2024Article
- High-Definition Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Improves Decision-Making Ability: A Study Based on EEG.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- Cortical midfrontal theta dynamics following foot strike may index response adaptation during reactive stepping.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Reward-Based Decision-Making Engages Distinct Modes of Cross-Frequency Coupling.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2022Article
- Outcome valence and stimulus frequency affect neural responses to rewards and punishments.Psychophysiology · 2022Article
- Reward-based decision-making in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy patients with unilateral hippocampal sclerosis pre- and post-surgery.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2022Article
- Social relationship modulates advisor's brain response to advice-giving outcome evaluation: Evidence from an event-related potential study.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Win, lose, or draw: Examining salience, reward memory, and depression with the reward positivity.Psychophysiology · 2022Article
- Negative urgency as a risk factor for hazardous alcohol use: Dual influences of cognitive control and reinforcement processing.Neuropsychologia · 2021Article
- The aversion positivity: Mediofrontal cortical potentials reflect parametric aversive prediction errors and drive behavioral modification following negative reinforcement.Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Prediction errors (PEs) encode representations of rewarding and aversive experiences and are critical to reinforcement processing. The feedback-related negativity (FRN), a component of the event-related potential (ERP) that is sensitive to valenced feedback, is believed to reflect PE signals. Reinforcement is also studied using frontal midline theta (FMΘ) activity, which peaks around the same time as the FRN and increases in response to unexpected events compared to expected events. We recorded EEG while participants completed a monetary incentive delay (MID) task that included positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement conditions with multiple levels of the outcome, as well as control conditions that had no reinforcement value. Despite the overlap of FRN and FMΘ, these measures indexed dissociable cognitive processing. The FRN was sensitive to errors in both positive and negative reinforcement but not in control conditions, while frontal theta instead was sensitive to outcomes in positive reinforcement and control conditions, but not in negative reinforcement conditions. The FRN was sensitive to the point level of feedback in both positive and negative reinforcement, while FMΘ was not influenced by the feedback point level. Results are consistent with recent results indicating that the FRN is influenced by unsigned PEs (i.e., a salience signal). In contrast, we suggest that our findings for frontal theta are consistent with hypotheses suggesting that the neural generators of FMΘ are sensitive to both negative cues and the need for control.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.