ArticleJournal of the International AIDS Society2020
A longitudinal analysis of the completeness of maternal HIV testing, including repeat testing in Cape Town, South Africa.
Article in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Prevalence and factors associated with uptake of repeat HIV testing among pregnant women in Blantyre, Malawi.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Observational
- Detection of HIV-1 Antibodies in Saliva of Persons Living With HIV Using Blood-Based First Response HIV 1-2.O Card Test.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2025Article
- High Incidence of Tuberculosis in Young Children Living With HIV in the Western Cape, South Africa.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- Compliance with maternal HIV retesting for pregnant women attending care in selected health facilities in Namutumba district, Uganda.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Preventing perinatal HIV acquisition; current gaps and future perspectives.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2024Review
- Preferences and uptake of home-based HIV self-testing for maternal retesting in Kenya.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Factors associated with vertical transmission of HIV in the Western Cape, South Africa: a retrospective cohort analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2024Article
- Preferences and uptake of home-based HIV self-testing for maternal retesting in Kenya.PloS one · 2024Article
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus serological markers among pregnant women in Africa, 1984-2020.World journal of critical care medicine · 2023Article
- HIV retesting for pregnant and breastfeeding women across maternal child health services in Nampula, Mozambique.PloS one · 2023Article
- Cost-effectiveness of broadly neutralizing antibody prophylaxis for HIV-exposed infants in sub-Saharan African settings.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
- Are prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission service providers acquainted with national guideline recommendations? A cross-sectional study of primary health care centers in Lagos, Nigeria.BMC health services research · 2022Article
- Implementation of HIV Retesting During Pregnancy and Postpartum in Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study.Global health, science and practice · 2022Article
- A longitudinal analysis of the completeness of maternal HIV testing, including repeat testing in Cape Town, South Africa.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2020Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
introductionThe virtual elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV cannot be achieved without complete maternal HIV testing. The World Health Organization recommends that women in high HIV prevalent settings repeat HIV testing in the third trimester, and at delivery or directly thereafter. The Western Cape Province (South Africa) prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) guidelines recommend a repeat maternal HIV test between 32 and 34 weeks gestation and at delivery in addition to testing at the first antenatal visit (ideally <20 weeks gestation). There are few published longitudinal studies on the uptake of initial and repeated maternal HIV testing programmes in sub-Saharan Africa. We aimed to investigate the implementation of initial and repeat maternal HIV testing guidelines in Cape Town, South Africa.
methodsBetween 2013 and 2016 we established an electronic PMTCT register that consolidated routine data from a primary healthcare facility and its secondary and tertiary referral sites in Cape Town. This provided a longitudinal record for each participant, from first antenatal visit to delivery. Utilizing these data, we conducted a retrospective analysis investigating the completeness of maternal HIV testing according to the PMTCT HIV testing guidelines in Cape Town, and predictors of complete testing, from 2014 to 2016.
resultsAmong 8558 enrolled pregnant women, 7213 (84%) were not known to be HIV positive at their first visit and thus eligible for HIV testing; 91% of them received ≥1 HIV test during pregnancy/delivery. Testing at the first visit was 98% among the 85% of women who attended antenatal care. Among women eligible to receive all three recommended HIV tests, only 11% achieved all three tests. Delivery HIV testing completion among all women without an HIV-positive diagnosis was 23%. HIV prevalence at delivery was 21% and HIV incidence between first visit and delivery in those with ≥2 HIV tests was 0.2%. Women who enrolled after 2014 were more likely to receive the three recommended tests (aOR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.10 to 1.81) and retest at delivery (aOR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.05 to 1.39).
conclusionsImplementation of maternal HIV testing in Cape Town improved between 2014 and 2016 but major gaps remain, particularly at delivery.
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