ReviewFASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology2020
Laser adjuvant for vaccination.
Review in FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cancer Vaccines: Molecular Mechanisms, Clinical Progress, and Combination Immunotherapies with a Focus on Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Review
- Intradermal Injection of a Protein Alone Without Additional Adjuvants Using a Needle-Free Pyro-Drive Jet Injector Induces Potent CD8International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- A bibliometric analysis of vaccination against atherosclerosis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Carrier-free mRNA vaccine induces robust immunity against SARS-CoV-2 in mice and non-human primates without systemic reactogenicity.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- A Promising Needle-Free Pyro-Drive Jet Injector for Augmentation of Immunity by Intradermal Injection as a Physical Adjuvant.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Emerging adjuvants for intradermal vaccination.International journal of pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Photobiomodulation and nitric oxide signaling.Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry · 2023Review
- Dual near-infrared II laser modulates the cellular redox state of T cells and augments the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2022Article
- Near-infrared II photobiomodulation augments nitric oxide bioavailability via phosphorylation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2022Article
- Quickly evolving near-infrared photoimmunotherapy provides multifaceted approach to modern cancer treatment.View (Beijing, China) · 2022Article
- 1270 nm near-infrared light as a novel vaccine adjuvant acts on mitochondrial photoreception in intradermal vaccines.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Review
- Brief exposure of skin to near-infrared laser augments early vaccine responses.Nanophotonics (Berlin, Germany) · 2021Article
- Development of thermostable vaccine adjuvants.Expert review of vaccines · 2021Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The use of an immunologic adjuvant to augment the immune response is essential for modern vaccines which are relatively ineffective on their own. In the past decade, researchers have been consistently reporting that skin treatment with a physical parameter, namely laser light, augments the immune response to vaccine and functions as an immunologic adjuvant. This "laser adjuvant" has numerous advantages over the conventional chemical or biological agents; it is free from cold chain storage, hypodermic needles, biohazardous sharp waste, irreversible formulation with vaccine antigen, undesirable biodistribution in vital organs, or unknown long-term toxicity. Since vaccine formulations are given to healthy populations, these characteristics render the "laser adjuvant" significant advantages for clinical use and open a new developmental path for a safe and effective vaccine. In addition, laser technology has been used in the clinic for more than three decades and is therefore technically matured and has been proved to be safe. Currently, four classes of laser adjuvant have been reported; ultrashort pulsed, non-pulsed, non-ablative fractional, and ablative fractional lasers. Since each class of the laser adjuvant shows a distinct mechanism of action, a proper choice is necessary to craft an effective vaccine formulation toward a desired clinical benefit for a clinical vaccine to maximize protection. In addition, data also suggest that further improvement in the efficacy is possible when a laser adjuvant is combined with chemical or biological adjuvant(s). To realize these goals, further efforts to uncover the molecular mechanisms of action of the laser adjuvants is warranted. This review provides a summary and comments of the recent updates in the laser adjuvant technology.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.