ArticleStem cell research & therapy2020
Exosomes from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells enhance fracture healing through the promotion of osteogenesis and angiogenesis in a rat model of nonunion.
Article in Stem cell research & therapy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 204 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
204 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 356 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exosomes as Cellular Communicators and Therapeutic Agents in Orthopedic Diseases: From Mechanisms to Intervention.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Pooled it
- Consequences of Aging on Bone.Aging and disease · 2023Pooled it
- MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Preclinical Animal Models of Bone Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2022Pooled it
- Y-RBCEVs accelerate fracture repair through osteogenesis and VCAN-mediated CD44/PI3K/AKT-dependent macrophage polarization.Bioactive materials · 2027Article
- Review
- Extracellular Vesicles and Their Role in Osteogenesis.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Angiogenic and Osteogenic Strategies for Skeletal Regeneration in Aging.Current osteoporosis reports · 2026Review
- Enhanced odontoblast regeneration and anti-inflammatory effects of nanocurcumin-loaded BM-MSC-derived exosomes in an LPS-induced periodontitis rat model.BMC oral health · 2026Article
- Article
- Evaluation of the Expression and Prognosis of Neural-Related Products Expressed by Cancer-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells With the Characteristics of Neural Stem Cells.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Communication Between Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Bone Marrow Cells Modulates Hamstring Tenocyte Behavior and Apoptosis.The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Timing for Intravenous Injection of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Enhance Fracture Healing.Journal of functional biomaterials · 2026Article
- Stem Cell Therapy: Past, Present, and Future Aspects.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Chondrocytes in fracture healing: A review of chondrocyte journey.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Exploring the effect of Er, Cr: YSGG laser combined with GBR on osteogenesis at extraction sockets in rats with severe periodontitis via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.Lasers in medical science · 2026Article
- Research Advances on Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Anti-Graft-Versus-Host Disease Therapy: Mechanisms, Therapeutic Potential, and Future Prospects.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Dose-Dependent Osteoinduction by rhBMP-2-Loaded β-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffolds in Rabbit Critical-Sized Calvarial Defects: Histological, Histomorphometric, CD31 Immunohistochemical Evaluation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Bone marrow stromal cells enhance chondrocyte function and autophagy via mTOR signaling.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Clinical Applications of Extracellular Vesicles: Promises and Pitfalls.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in musculoskeletal regeneration: mechanisms, applications, and future prospects.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Review
144 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAs important players in cell-to-cell communication, exosomes (exo) are believed to play a similar role in promoting fracture healing. This study investigated whether exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSC-Exos) could improve fracture healing of nonunion.
methodsBMMSC-Exos were isolated and transplanted into the fracture site in a rat model of femoral nonunion (Exo group) every week. Moreover, equal volumes of phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and exosome-depleted conditioned medium (CM-Exo) were injected into the femoral fracture sites of the rats in the control and CM-Exo groups. Bone healing processes were recorded and evaluated by radiographic methods on weeks 8, 14 and 20 after surgery. Osteogenesis and angiogenesis at the fracture sites were evaluated by radiographic and histological methods on postoperative week 20. The expression levels of osteogenesis- or angiogenesis-related genes were evaluated in vitro by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The ability to internalize exosomes was assessed using the PKH26 assay. Altered proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and mouse embryo osteoblast precursor cells (MC3TE-E1s) treated with BMMSC-Exos were determined by utilizing EdU incorporation, immunofluorescence staining, and scratch wound assay. The angiogenesis ability of HUVECs was evaluated through tube formation assays. Finally, to explore the effect of exosomes in osteogenesis via the BMP-2/Smad1/RUNX2 signalling pathway, the BMP-2 inhibitors noggin and LDN193189 were utilized, and their subsequent effects were observed.
resultsBMMSC-Exos were observed to be spherical with a diameter of approximately 122 nm. CD9, CD63 and CD81 were expressed. Transplantation of BMMSC-Exos obviously enhanced osteogenesis, angiogenesis and bone healing processes in a rat model of femoral nonunion. BMMSC-Exos were taken up by HUVECs and MC3T3-E1 in vitro, and their proliferation and migration were also improved. Finally, experiments with BMP2 inhibitors confirmed that the BMP-2/Smad1/RUNX2 signalling pathway played an important role in the pro-osteogenesis induced by BMMSC-Exos and enhanced fracture healing of nonunion.
conclusionsOur findings suggest that transplantation of BMMSC-Exos exerts a critical effect on the treatment of nonunion by promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis. This promoting effect might be ascribed to the activation of the BMP-2/Smad1/RUNX2 and the HIF-1α/VEGF signalling pathways.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.