Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31991912›Full record

ArticleMaterials (Basel, Switzerland)2020

Reconfigurable Radiation Pattern of Planar Antenna Using Metamaterial for 5G Applications.

Bashar Ali Esmail, Huda A Majid, Zuhairiah Zainal Abidin, Samsul Haimi Dahlan, Mohamed Himdi, Raimi Dewan, Mohamad Kamal A Rahim, Najib Al-Fadhali

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Materials (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
28.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Bashar Ali EsmailCenter for Applied Electromagnetic, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat 86400, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-3627-2177
Huda A MajidCenter for Applied Electromagnetic, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat 86400, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0003-2144-8579
Zuhairiah Zainal AbidinCenter for Applied Electromagnetic, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat 86400, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-7774-6703
Samsul Haimi DahlanCenter for Applied Electromagnetic, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat 86400, Malaysia.
Mohamed HimdiInstitute of Electronics and Telecommunication of Rennes, University of Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France.
Raimi DewanInstitute of Electronics and Telecommunication of Rennes, University of Rennes 1, 35000 Rennes, France.ORCID 0000-0002-2023-132X
Mohamad Kamal A RahimSchool of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0002-5488-9277
Najib Al-FadhaliCenter for Applied Electromagnetic, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Batu Pahat 86400, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0003-0472-2169
Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia · MYInstitut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique · FRUniversity of Technology Malaysia · MY

Funding

Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE), Research Center of Applied Electromagnetics, Research Management Centre, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) Vote No: CRG K034, FRGS: K193
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In this research, a reconfigurable metamaterial (MM) structure was designed using a millimeter-wave (MMW) band with two configurations that exhibit different refractive indices. These two MM configurations are used to guide the antenna's main beam in the desired direction in the 5th generation (5G) band of 28 GHz. The different refractive indices of the two MM configurations created phase change for the electromagnetic (EM) wave of the antenna, which deflected the main beam. A contiguous squares resonator (CSR) is proposed as an MM structure to operate at MMW band. The CSR is reconfigured using three switches to achieve two MM configurations with different refractive indices. The simulation results of the proposed antenna loaded by MM unit cells demonstrate that the radiation beam is deflected by angles of +30° and -27° in the E-plane, depending on the arrangement of the two MM configurations on the antenna substrate. Furthermore, these deflections are accompanied by gain enhancements of 1.9 dB (26.7%) and 1.5 dB (22.4%) for the positive and negative deflections, respectively. The reflection coefficients of the MM antenna are kept below -10 dB for both deflection angles at 28 GHz. The MM antennas are manufactured and measured to validate the simulated results.

Indexed as

5Gbeam deflectionmillimeter-wave (MMW)reconfigurable metamaterial

Identifiers

PMID31991912
PMCPMC7040675
OpenAlexW3001842515

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.