ReviewAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)2020
Inflammation in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD): A Review of Potential Correlates of PTSD with a Neurological Perspective.
Review in Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06429293 (Impact of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Neural, Inflammatory, & Autonomic Markers in a Sample With PTSD and Cardiovascular Risk), which is not on this map. Cited by 86 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Impact of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Neural, Inflammatory, & Autonomic Markers in a Sample With PTSD and Cardiovascular Risk: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Who cites it
86 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 159 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular pathways of ketamine: A systematic review of immediate and sustained effects on PTSD.Psychopharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Lifetime posttraumatic stress disorder as a predictor of mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC psychiatry · 2023Pooled it
- Cumulative trauma, neural circuits, and burnout: an integrative model of healthcare worker post-traumatic stress syndromes.European journal of psychotraumatology · 2026Review
- Posttraumatic stress disorder is associated with Alzheimer's disease-relevant molecular alterations in the basolateral amygdala of older Veterans.Neurobiology of aging · 2026Article
- Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Health-Related Social Needs, and Cognitive Outcomes in US Veterans.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Ketone Supplementation Decreased Lipopolysaccharide-Generated Anxiety-like Behavior in Female WAG/Rij Rats.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Beyond genes: EpiSwitch® and Orion platform-powered 3D genome architecture biomarkers reveal shared biology across ME/CFS, long COVID, PTSD, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Scalp electroacupuncture targeting trigeminal nerve activation alleviates post-traumatic stress disorder-induced depression and neuroinflammation in mice.Animal models and experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Post-traumatic stress disorder and cardiometabolic dysfunction: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic targets.iScience · 2026Review
- Novel epigenetic and transcriptomic profiles of immune, inflammatory, and cellular transduction pathways are associated with chronic perceived stress in midlife women.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Ketogenic metabolic therapy for treatment-resistant post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): a retrospective case report.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- The effect of tert-butylhydroquinone on anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like behaviors induced by post-traumatic stress disorder: A behavioral and molecular study.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2026Article
- A locus coeruleus-centric framework for novelty, salience, and gamma oscillations: implications for neurostimulation, aging, and disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- Silent regulators of trauma: the microRNA blueprint underlying post-traumatic stress disorder biology.Environmental epigenetics · 2026Review
- Study on the cognitive effects of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: proposed active mechanisms.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2026Article
- Emerging anti-inflammatory nanosystems targeted to the brain.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Review
- Transcutaneous vagal nerve stimulation for the treatment of trauma- and stressor-related disorders: systematic review of randomised controlled studies.BJPsych open · 2025Review
- PACAP a mediator of inflammation following trauma exposure and mild traumatic brain injury: Differential effects in males and females.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Review
- Validated metabolomic biomarkers in psychiatric disorders: a narrative review.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2025Review
26 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic condition characterized by symptoms of physiological and psychosocial burden. While growing research demonstrated signs of inflammation in PTSD, specific biomarkers that may be representative of PTSD such as the detailed neural correlates underlying the inflammatory responses in relation to trauma exposure are seldom discussed. Here, we review recent studies that explored alterations in key inflammatory markers in PTSD, as well as neuroimaging-based studies that further investigated signs of inflammation within the brain in PTSD, as to provide a comprehensive summary of recent literature with a neurological perspective. A search was conducted on studies published from 2009 through 2019 in PubMed and Web of Science. Fifty original articles were selected. Major findings included elevated levels of serum proinflammatory cytokines in individuals with PTSD across various trauma types, as compared with those without PTSD. Furthermore, neuroimaging-based studies demonstrated that altered inflammatory markers are associated with structural and functional alterations in brain regions that are responsible for the regulation of stress and emotion, including the amygdala, hippocampus, and frontal cortex. Future studies that utilize both central and peripheral inflammatory markers are warranted to elucidate the underlying neurological pathway of the pathophysiology of PTSD.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.