ReviewPharmaceutics2020
Retinal Cell Protection in Ocular Excitotoxicity Diseases. Possible Alternatives Offered by Microparticulate Drug Delivery Systems and Future Prospects.
Review in Pharmaceutics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Noninvasive electrical stimulation as a neuroprotective strategy in retinal diseases: a systematic review of preclinical studies.Journal of translational medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Biopolymer-Conjugated Human C-Peptide Provides Sustained Neuroprotection and Preserves Axonal Transport in a Mouse Model of NMDA-Induced Retinal Degeneration via Antioxidative Mechanisms.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Topical eye treatment with JGRi1, a protein/protein interaction inhibitor, mitigates retinal degeneration.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial ROS in Retinal Neurodegeneration: Thresholds, Quality Control Failure, and Precision Therapeutic Windows.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Dual-functional nanoparticle formulations for simultaneous intraocular pressure reduction and neuroprotection in glaucoma: a review.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- Catalpol Protects Against Retinal Ischemia Through Antioxidation, Anti-Ischemia, Downregulation of β-Catenin, VEGF, and Angiopoietin-2: In Vitro and In Vivo Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Melatonin antagonizes oxidative stress-induced apoptosis in retinal ganglion cells through activating the thioredoxin-1 pathway.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Article
- CD44 signaling in Müller cells impacts photoreceptor function and survival in healthy and diseased retinas.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2024Article
- Investigation of the Effects of a Novel NOX2 Inhibitor, GLX7013170, against Glutamate Excitotoxicity and Diabetes Insults in the Retina.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Useful Role of a New Generation of Dexamethasone, Vitamin E and Human Serum Albumin Microparticles in the Prevention of Excitotoxicity Injury in Retinal Ocular Diseases.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- The Healthy and Diseased Retina Seen through Neuron-Glia Interactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Preservation of vision by transpalpebral electrical stimulation in mice with inherited retinal degeneration.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Article
- Molecular pathways in experimental glaucoma models.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Biogenic Amine Levels Markedly Increase in the Aqueous Humor of Individuals with Controlled Type 2 Diabetes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Metabolism Dysregulation in Retinal Diseases and Related Therapies.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Revisiting Excitotoxicity in Traumatic Brain Injury: From Bench to Bedside.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Targeted Metabolomics Shows That the Level of Glutamine, Kynurenine, Acyl-Carnitines and Lysophosphatidylcholines Is Significantly Increased in the Aqueous Humor of Glaucoma Patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Excitotoxicity seems to play a critical role in ocular neurodegeneration. Excess-glutamate-mediated retinal ganglion cells death is the principal cause of cell loss. Uncontrolled glutamate in the synapsis has significant implications in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. The exploitation of various approaches of controlled release systems enhances the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic activity of drugs. In particular, microparticles are secure, can maintain therapeutic drug concentrations in the eye for prolonged periods, and make intimate contact by improving drug bioavailability. According to the promising results reported, possible new investigations will focus intense attention on microparticulate formulations and can be expected to open the field to new alternatives for doctors, as currently required by patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.