ArticleScientific reports2020
A longitudinal study of pupillary light reflex in 6- to 24-month children.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Presymptomatic Biological, Structural, and Functional Diagnostic Biomarkers of Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of neurochemistry · 2025Pooled it
- Human melanopsin (OPN4) gene polymorphisms: a systematic review.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Autism outcomes and neurobehavioural markers in young children born to mothers with HIV in Kenya: a protocol for the Alama project.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Epigenome-wide analysis identifies DNA methylation signatures associated with the infant pupillary light reflex, a candidate intermediate phenotype for autism.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Differences in the pupillary responses to evening light between children and adolescents.Journal of physiological anthropology · 2024Article
- Eye-Tracking Biomarkers and Autism Diagnosis in Primary Care.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Differences in the Pupillary Responses to Evening Light between Children and Adolescents.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Contextual Information Modulates Pupil Size in Autistic Children.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Comparison of SHANK3 deficiency in animal models: phenotypes, treatment strategies, and translational implications.Journal of neurodevelopmental disorders · 2021Review
- Increasing Vegetable Diversity Consumption Impacts the Sympathetic Nervous System Activity in School-Aged Children.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Gaze Following and Pupil Dilation as Early Diagnostic Markers of Autism in Toddlers.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- PupilEXT: Flexible Open-Source Platform for High-Resolution Pupillometry in Vision Research.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Pupillary light reflex (PLR) is an involuntary response where the pupil size changes with luminance. Studies have shown that PLR response was altered in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and other neurological disorders. However, PLR in infants and toddlers is still understudied. We conducted a longitudinal study to investigate PLR in children of 6-24 months using a remote pupillography device. The participants are categorized into two groups. The 'high risk' (HR) group includes children with one or more siblings diagnosed with ASDs; whereas the 'low risk' (LR) group includes children without an ASD diagnosis in the family history. The participants' PLR was measured every six months until the age of 24 months. The results indicated a significant age effect in multiple PLR parameters including resting pupil radius, minimal pupil radius, relative constriction, latency, and response time. In addition, the HR group had a significantly larger resting and minimal pupil size than the LR group. The experimental data acquired in this study revealed not only general age-related PLR changes in infants and toddlers, but also different PLRs in children with a higher risk of ASD.
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Registered trials
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