ReviewThe American journal of case reports2020
Fulminant and Diffuse Cerebral Toxoplasmosis as the First Manifestation of HIV Infection: A Case Presentation and Review of the Literature.
Review in The American journal of case reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in Enclosures of African Primates (Papio papio and Papio hamadryas) at the Municipal Zoo of Bauru, São Paulo State, Brazil.Journal of medical primatology · 2026Article
- Toxoplasmosis awareness among women: a cross-sectional study on knowledge, attitudes, perceptions, and risk factors.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Clinical courses and outcomes of cerebral toxoplasmosis in HIV-positive patients in Shiraz, Southern Iran: a retrospective study.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A Blast From the Past: Toxoplasmic Encephalitis As the Initial Presentation of HIV/AIDS.Cureus · 2024Article
- Significant clinical outcome using pyrimethamine and clindamycin in cerebral toxoplasmosis with severe edema: a case report.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2023Article
- Case report: Urbanized non-human primates as sentinels for human zoonotic diseases: a case of acute fatal toxoplasmosis in a free-ranging marmoset in coinfection with yellow fever virus.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
- Role of landscape context inInternational journal for parasitology. Parasites and wildlife · 2022Article
- Article
- Cerebral toxoplasmosis in a patient with combined variable immunodeficiency.Surgical neurology international · 2022Article
- Biogenesis and Breakdown of Lipid Droplets in Pathological Conditions.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
- Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in primary school children in Henan province, central China.Parasite (Paris, France) · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most common causes of central nervous system (CNS) opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients is toxoplasmosis. It can cause focal or disseminated brain lesions leading to neurological deficit, coma, and death. Prompt management with optimal antibiotics is vital. However, the diagnosis of cerebral toxoplasmosis is challenging in infected individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The possible diagnosis is based on clinical presentation, imaging, and specific serologic investigations. The diagnosis can be confirmed by histopathological examination and/or by finding nucleic material in the spinal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination. CASE REPORT We present a review of the literature with a rare illustrative case of diffuse CNS toxoplasmosis as the first manifestation of HIV infection in a young patient. Brain MRI showed diffuse, ring-enhancing lesions, and significant midline shift. Decompressive hemicraniectomy for control of intracranial pressure and anti-infectious therapy were performed. CONCLUSIONS This should raise awareness that cerebral toxoplasmosis can occur in pediatric patients with HIV infection, and, more importantly, as the first manifestation of AIDS. Although the prognosis is often poor, early diagnosis and immediate treatment of this life-threatening opportunistic infection can improve outcomes.
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