ArticleJournal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)2020
Characterization of bone aluminum, a potential biomarker of cumulative exposure, within an occupational population from Zunyi, China.
Article in Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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6 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Aluminum Genotoxicity in Plants, Mammals, and Unicellular Eukaryotes: The Underlying Mechanisms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Assessing the Chronic Effects of Dietary Aluminum on Fitness Traits, Acetylcholinesterase Activity and Locomotion inInsects · 2025Article
- Measurement of sodium in soft tissue and bone in a sodium diet intervention study usingPhysiological measurement · 2025Article
- Sensitivity improvement of a deuterium-deuterium neutron generator based in vivo neutron activation analysis (IVNAA) system.Physical and engineering sciences in medicine · 2025Article
- Determination of aluminum concentrations in biological specimens: application in the clinical laboratory.Advances in laboratory medicine · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesAluminum (Al) is a neurotoxicant; however, efforts to understand Al toxicity are limited by the lack of a quantitative biomarker of cumulative exposure. Bone Al measurements may address this need. Here, we describe and compare non-invasive bone Al measurements with fingernail Al and Al cumulative exposure indices (CEIs).
methodsWe completed a cross-sectional study of 43 factory workers in Zunyi, China. Bone Al measurements were taken with a compact in-vivo neutron activation analysis system (IVNAA). Fingernail samples were analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. CEIs, based on self-reported work history and prior literature, were calculated for the prior 5, 10, 15, 20 years and lifetime work history. Linear regressions adjusted for age and education compared fingernail Al and Al CEIs with bone Al.
resultsMedian (interquartile range (IQR)) Al measurements were: 15 μg/g dry bone (IQR = 28) for bone Al; 34.9 μg/g (43.3) for fingernail; and 24 (20) for lifetime CEI. In adjusted regression models, an increase in 15-year CEI was significantly associated with increased bone Al (β = 0.91, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.16, 1.66). Associations of bone Al with 10- and 20-year CEI were approaching statistical significance (β = 0.98, 95% CI: -0.14, 2.1; β = 0.59, 95% CI: -0.01, 1.18, respectively). Other models were not statistically significant.
conclusionsBone Al was significantly associated with 15-year Al CEI, but not other Al CEIs or fingernail Al. Bone Al may be a useful measure of cumulative, rather than short-term, Al exposure. Additional refinement of this method is ongoing.
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