ArticleActa ophthalmologica2020
High prevalence of myopia in children and their parents in Hong Kong Chinese Population: the Hong Kong Children Eye Study.
Article in Acta ophthalmologica, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
85 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 139 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association Between Polymorphisms of 4 Common Genes and High Myopia Risk: A Comprehensive Analysis.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Pooled it
- Cost-effectiveness analysis of myopia management: A systematic review.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- Regional variations and temporal trends of childhood myopia prevalence in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2022Pooled it
- Diffractive optical element (D.O.E) spectacle lenses for myopia prevention and control: a small-scale pilot study among younger Chinese children.BMJ open ophthalmology · 2026Trial
- Twice versus once daily application of 0.01% atropine for myopia control in children: a randomised controlled trial.Eye (London, England) · 2025Trial
- Trial
- One-year results of the Variation of Orthokeratology Lens Treatment Zone (VOLTZ) Study: a prospective randomised clinical trial.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2021Trial
- Hyperopic reserve, early myopia risk and screening strategies in children: A multi-regional analysis from the CREAM-KIDS consortium.iScience · 2026Article
- Astigmatism Types Effects on Internal Astigmatism and Compensation in Children: Hong Kong Children Eye Study.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Axial Length to Corneal Curvature Ratio is Insufficient for Detecting Pseudomyopia in Children: A Multi-Cohort Study.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Efficacy of Multifocal Spectacles for Myopia Control in Pre-myopic Children: A Multicentre Real-world Study.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Profiling of ocular surface microbiome and its ocular types in children and adolescents.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- The incidence of myopia and the factors associated with it among primary and junior high school students in Shihezi, China, a cohort study based on the SHAP model.BMC public health · 2026Observational
- Effect of Low-Concentration Atropine Eye Drops on Parapapillary Gamma Zone Development and Enlargement over 3 Years: The LAMP Study.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Genetic associations of corneal astigmatism in Hong Kong Chinese children.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Associations between Ocular Surface Microbiome and Refractive Status in Children and Adolescents.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Identifying and Managing Pre-Myopia: A Narrative Review.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Short-Term Choroidal and Retinal Structural Changes in Myopic Children Treated with 0.05% Atropine.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Article
- Prevalence and distribution of low and high myopia in Mexican outpatients: a nationwide cross-sectional clinic-based study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Association Between Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Myopia: Results From the Two-Sample and Multi-Tissue Genomic Mendelian Randomization Study and KNHANES.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo determine the myopia prevalence in Hong Kong Chinese children and their parents.
methodsIt was a population-based cross-sectional study. A total of 4257 children aged 6-8 years, and 5880 parents were recruited in the Hong Kong Children Eye Study. Cycloplegic autorefraction was measured for children; and non-cycloplegic autorefraction for parents. Parental educational level, children's outdoor time, and near work were collected by validated questionnaires.
resultsIn children aged 6-8 years, 25.0% were myopic, and among them, 12.7% for the 6-year-olds, 24.4% for the 7-year-olds and 36.1% for the 8-year-old. About 0.7% of children aged 8 years were high myopia. In all age groups, boys (their myopia rate: 13.9% at 6 years, 26.7% at 7 years, and 38.3% at 8 years) were more myopic than girls (11.3% at 6 years, 22.0% at 7 years, 33.4% at 8 years). Among parents, 72.2% were myopic (mother, 73.2%; father, 70.7%) and 13.5% high myopia (mother, 12.8%; father, 14.5%). It was observed that prevalence decreased with ages and increased with education level.
conclusionThere is a strikingly high prevalence of myopia in Hong Kong children aged 6-8, much higher than that of other regions of China. Of note, the prevalence of children was similar to that in 15 years ago. Furthermore, the myopia prevalence of parents is high, and it had already increased in this cohort. Prevention of childhood myopia is important, likewise for visual complications from high myopia in adults.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.