ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2020
Ketone Bodies Are Mildly Elevated in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Are Inversely Associated with Insulin Resistance as Measured by the Lipoprotein Insulin Resistance Index.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Trial
- Branched-Chain Amino Acids in relation to food preferences and insulin resistance in obese subjects consuming walnuts: A cross-over, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled inpatient physiology study.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2021Trial
- Effects of refined carbohydrates on immune markers after weight loss on a very-low-carbohydrate diet: A randomized controlled feeding trial.Cell press blue · 2026Article
- Inflammatory and catabolic activity mediate the association of plasma β-hydroxybutyrate and mortality in heart failure.ESC heart failure · 2026Observational
- Circulating β-Hydroxybutyrate in Glycemic Progression and Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: Adaptive Signal or Maladaptive Substrate?International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Multidimensional Predictors of Tirzepatide Efficacy: Clinical, Genetic, and Molecular Biomarkers for Glycemic, Weight, and Organ Protection.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Sex-Specific Determinants of the Ketone Body β-Hydroxybutyrate in the General Population.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Article
- Integrating ketone bodies in multi-marker risk prediction of incident heart failure in the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis.European journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Ketone bodies and incident heart failure: 20-year results from the prospective British Regional Heart Study.ESC heart failure · 2026Article
- β‑hydroxybutyric acid as a potential therapeutic metabolite for type 2 diabetes mellitus (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Enhanced oral glucose tolerance test for early detection of insulin resistance and metabolic complications in children with obesity.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2025Article
- Nephroprotective Mechanisms of SGLT2i: Beyond the Glucose-Lowering Effect.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Cardiometabolic Risk Assessment in Transgender Individuals-Differential Effect of Sex Hormones and Sex Chromosomes.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- Circulating FGF21 and Ketone Bodies Modify the Risk of MASLD and Mortality: Insights from the PREVEND Cohort Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Plasma Beta-Hydroxybutyrate and All-Cause Mortality in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Oral Citrate Supplementation Mitigates Age-Associated Pathologic Intervertebral Disc Calcification in LG/J Mice.Aging cell · 2025Article
- Enhanced Chronic Inflammation and Increased Branched-Chain Amino Acids in Adrenal Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Article
- HDL from 36-h fasted participants potently promotes efflux of cholesteryl ester from activated microglia.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2025Article
- MASLD in persons with HIV is associated with high cardiometabolic risk as evidenced by altered advanced lipoprotein profiles and targeted metabolomics.Lipids in health and disease · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundQuantifying mildly elevated ketone bodies is clinically and pathophysiologically relevant, especially in the context of disease states as well as for monitoring of various diets and exercise regimens. As an alternative assay for measuring ketone bodies in the clinical laboratory, a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based test was developed for quantification of β-hydroxybutyrate (β-HB), acetoacetate (AcAc) and acetone.
methodsThe ketone body assay was evaluated for precision, linearity and stability and method comparisons were performed. In addition, plasma ketone bodies were measured in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS, n = 1198; 373 type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects).
resultsβ-HB and AcAc quantified using NMR and mass spectrometry and acetone quantified using NMR and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry were highly correlated (R
conclusionsConcentrations of the three main ketone bodies can be determined by NMR with good clinical performance, are elevated in T2DM and are inversely associated with triglycerides and insulin resistance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.