Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31976622›Full record

ArticleBJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology2020

Parents' experiences of care following the loss of a baby at the margins between miscarriage, stillbirth and neonatal death: a UK qualitative study.

L K Smith, J Dickens, R Bender Atik, C Bevan, J Fisher, L Hinton

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
35citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

35 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 117 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  6. Updating unanswered questions for stillbirth research: refresh of the UK Stillbirth Priority Setting Partnership.Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology : the official journal of the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology · 2026
    Article
  7. Registration of Stillbirth After Early Fetal Death: A National Population-Based Analysis.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026
    Article
  8. Acceptable Nomenclature for Pregnancy Loss Care: A Cross-Sectional Observational Survey.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026
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  9. Triage and care for women with symptoms or diagnosis of pregnancy loss between 14 + 0 and 21 + 6 weeks' gestation.International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

L K SmithDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9470-0793
J DickensBereavement Specialist Midwife, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
R Bender AtikMiscarriage Association, Wakefield, UK.
C BevanSands, the Stillbirth and Neonatal Death Charity, London, UK.
J FisherAntenatal Results and Choices, London, UK.
L HintonApplied Research, Health Experiences Research Group, Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-6082-3151
University of Leicester · GBMiscarriage Association · GBSands · GBUniversity of Oxford · GB

Funding

Department of Health CDF-2013-06-018National Institute for Health Research Career Development FellowshipNational Institute for Health Research (NIHR)NIHR Biomedical Research Centre BRC-1215-20008Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustUniversity of Oxford
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo explore the healthcare experiences of parents whose baby died either before, during or shortly after birth between 20

designQualitative interview study.

settingEngland through two parent support organisations and four NHS Trusts. SAMPLE: A purposive sample of parents.

methodsThematic analysis of semi-structured in-depth narrative interviews.

main outcome measuresParents' healthcare experiences.

resultsThe key overarching theme to emerge from interviews with 38 parents was the importance of the terminology used to refer to the death of their baby. Parents who were told they were 'losing a baby' rather than 'having a miscarriage' were more prepared for the realities of labour, the birth experience and for making decisions around seeing and holding their baby. Appropriate terminology validated their loss, and impacted on parents' health and wellbeing immediately following bereavement and in the longer term.

conclusionFor parents experiencing the death of their baby at the margins between miscarriage, stillbirth and neonatal death, ensuring the use of appropriate terminology that reflects parents' preferences is vital. This helps to validate their loss and prepare them for the experiences of labour and birth. Reflecting parents' language preferences combined with compassionate bereavement care is likely to have a positive impact on parents' experiences and improve longer-term outcomes. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT: Describing baby loss shortly before 24 weeks of gestation as a 'miscarriage' does not prepare parents for labour and birth, seeing their baby and making memories.

Indexed as

BereavementGriefPsychosocial Support SystemsAbortion, SpontaneousAdaptation, PsychologicalAdultFemaleGestational AgeHealth Services Needs and DemandHumansInfantInfant DeathMaleParentsPregnancyQualitative ResearchBereavement caremiscarriageneonatal deathqualitativestillbirth

Identifiers

PMID31976622
PMCPMC7383869
OpenAlexW3002911060

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.