ArticleBehavior analysis in practice2019
Systematic Protocols for the Visual Analysis of Single-Case Research Data.
Article in Behavior analysis in practice, 2019. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- A tutorial for software options to aid in assessing functional relations in single-case experimental designs.Behavior research methods · 2026Article
- Examining the utility of process-focused data driven psychological networks for individualizing psychological treatment in chronic pain-A single case experiment testing the centrality hypothesis.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Changes in Cortisol Awakening Response During 10 Days of High-Intensity Cycling Exercise.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Barriers to Use of Experimental Analysis in Applied Behavior Analysis Clinical Practice.Behavior analysis in practice · 2025Article
- A Pilot Evaluation of the PEACE Implementation Toolkit to Improve the Use of Caregiver Coaching in Early Intervention.Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- A scoping review of consecutive controlled case series studies.Journal of applied behavior analysis · 2025Article
- Testing delayed, gradual, and temporary treatment effects in randomized single-case experiments: A general response function framework.Behavior research methods · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- Does the choice of a linear trend-assessment technique matter in the context of single-case data?Behavior research methods · 2023Article
- A Digital Music-Based Mindfulness Intervention for Black Americans With Elevated Race-Based Anxiety: A Multiple-Baseline Pilot Study.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- Lip Trill Effects on Vocal Function, Vocal Pitch, and Harmonics-to-Noise Ratio: A Multiple Baseline Study of Three Vocally Healthy Females.Acta medica Philippina · 2023Article
- Defining and assessing immediacy in single-case experimental designs.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2022Review
- Graphing the Intersection of Rate and Fidelity in Single-Case Research.Behavior analysis in practice · 2022Article
- Machine learning to analyze single-case graphs: A comparison to visual inspection.Journal of applied behavior analysis · 2021Article
- How to Be RAD: Repeated Acquisition Design Features that Enhance Internal and External Validity.Perspectives on behavior science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Researchers in applied behavior analysis and related fields such as special education and school psychology use single-case designs to evaluate causal relations between variables and to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. Visual analysis is the primary method by which single-case research data are analyzed; however, research suggests that visual analysis may be unreliable. In the absence of specific guidelines to operationalize the process of visual analysis, it is likely to be influenced by idiosyncratic factors and individual variability. To address this gap, we developed systematic, responsive protocols for the visual analysis of A-B-A-B and multiple-baseline designs. The protocols guide the analyst through the process of visual analysis and synthesize responses into a numeric score. In this paper, we describe the content of the protocols, illustrate their application to 2 graphs, and describe a small-scale evaluation study. We also describe considerations and future directions for the development and evaluation of the protocols.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.