ArticleMolecular neurobiology2020
Defining a Time Window for Neuroprotection and Glia Modulation by Caffeine After Neonatal Hypoxia-Ischaemia.
Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- From oxidative stress to epigenetic regulation: Molecular mechanisms of preterm brain injury and neuroprotective strategies (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Putative mechanisms of caffeine as a neuroprotectant in preterm infants.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Caffeine and preterm infants: multiorgan effects and therapeutic creep: scope to optimise dose and timing.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Caffeine as a Treatment for Perinatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury: The Potential Risks and Benefits.Developmental neuroscience · 2026Review
- Caffeine attenuates cisplatin induced microglial reactivity and cognitive dysfunction.Frontiers in molecular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Neuroprotective effects of caffeine, erythropoietin, magnesium sulfate, and thyroxine in preterm infants: a network meta-analysis.Translational pediatrics · 2025Article
- Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β Inhibitor VP3.15 Ameliorates Neurogenesis, Neuronal Loss and Cognitive Impairment in a Model of Germinal Matrix-intraventricular Hemorrhage of the Preterm Newborn.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- Protective Effects of Early Neonatal Methylxanthine Treatment on Cognitive and Language Outcomes in Premature Infants with and without High-Risk Perinatal Factors.Developmental neuroscience · 2025Article
- The utility of caffeine citrate as a neuroprotectant in the early life of premature newborns: a literature review of the effects on neurodevelopmental outcomes.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Review
- Caffeine: The Story beyond Oxygen-Induced Lung and Brain Injury in Neonatal Animal Models-A Narrative Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Methylxanthine use in infants with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Effect of caffeine in the intraventricular hemorrhage of the preterm newborn.Neural regeneration research · 2023Article
- Overview of Caffeine Effects on Human Health and Emerging Delivery Strategies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Unbiased Quantitative Single-Cell Morphometric Analysis to Identify Microglia Reactivity in Developmental Brain Injury.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Sex Differences in Microglia Activation in a Rodent Model of Preterm Hypoxic Ischemic Injury with Caffeine Treatment.Biomedicines · 2023Article
- Caffeine and Its Neuroprotective Role in Ischemic Events: A Mechanism Dependent on Adenosine Receptors.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2022Review
- Rationale for the Use of Cord Blood in Hypoxic-Ischaemic Encephalopathy.Stem cells international · 2022Review
- Caffeine Restores Neuronal Damage and Inflammatory Response in a Model of Intraventricular Hemorrhage of the Preterm Newborn.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2022Article
- Caffeine consumption attenuates ethanol-induced inflammation through the regulation of adenosinergic receptors in the UChB rats cerebellum.Toxicology research · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury remains an important cause of brain damage in neonates with potential life-long consequences. Caffeine, which is a competitive inhibitor of adenosine receptors, is commonly used as treatment for preterm apnoea in clinical settings. In the current study, we investigated the effects of caffeine given at 0 h, 6 h, 12 h or 24 h after HI in P10 mouse pups. Open field and rotarod behavioural tests were performed 2 weeks after injury, and brain morphology was then evaluated. Gene expression and immunohistological analyses were assessed in mice 1- and 5-day post-HI. A single dose of caffeine directly after HI resulted in a reduction of the lesion in the grey and white matter, judged by immunostaining of MAP2 and MBP, respectively, compared to PBS-treated controls. In addition, the number of amoeboid microglia and apoptotic cells, the area covered by astrogliosis, and the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased. Behavioural assessment after 2 weeks showed increased open-field activity after HI, and this was normalised if caffeine was administered immediately after the injury. Later administrations of caffeine did not change the outcomes when compared to the vehicle group. In conclusion, caffeine only yielded neuroprotection and immunomodulation in a neonatal model of brain hypoxia ischaemia if administered immediately after injury.
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