ArticleDiabetologia2020
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide and risk of cardiovascular events and mortality: a prospective study.
Article in Diabetologia, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Metabolic, Intestinal, and Cardiovascular Effects of Sotagliflozin Compared With Empagliflozin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized, Double-Blind Study.Diabetes care · 2022Trial
- Genetic variants of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) signalling as proxy for body weight reduction and cardiovascular risk.European heart journal · 2026Article
- Association between plasma glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide and active adiponectin in normoglycemic women.Endocrine connections · 2026Article
- Interrupting prolonged sitting reduces postprandial GIP but not GLP-1 responses in type 2 diabetes.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Article
- Cross-ethnic Molecular Signatures Underpin the Adverse Impact of Statin Use on Type 2 Diabetes.Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Multi-Omic Insight Into the Molecular Networks in the Pathogenesis of Coronary Artery Disease.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Real-world efficacy of tirzepatide in patients with heart failure without diabetes.Current problems in cardiology · 2025Review
- Molecular Pathways in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy and the Role of Anti-hyperglycemic Drugs Beyond Their Glucose Lowering Effect.Journal of lipid and atherosclerosis · 2025Review
- Diverting hepatic lipid fluxes with lifestyles revision and pharmacological interventions as a strategy to tackle steatotic liver disease (SLD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Nutrition & metabolism · 2024Review
- Clinical Outcomes of Tirzepatide or GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Polyagonists in Type 2 Diabetes Management.Current diabetes reports · 2024Review
- Incretins and cardiovascular disease: to the heart of type 2 diabetes?Diabetologia · 2023Review
- Article
- Gut Molecules in Cardiometabolic Diseases: The Mechanisms behind the Story.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Tirzepatide, a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes with unmatched effectiveness regrading glycaemic control and body weight reduction.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2022Review
- Leveraging human genetic data to investigate the cardiometabolic effects of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide signalling.Diabetologia · 2021Article
- Article
- Association of Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide Levels With Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021Article
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor co-agonists for treating metabolic disease.Molecular metabolism · 2021Review
- Incretin Hormones in Obesity and Related Cardiometabolic Disorders: The Clinical Perspective.Nutrients · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
19 authors at 6 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aims/hypothesisEvidence that glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and/or the GIP receptor (GIPR) are involved in cardiovascular biology is emerging. We hypothesised that GIP has untoward effects on cardiovascular biology, in contrast to glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and therefore investigated the effects of GIP and GLP-1 concentrations on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality risk.
methodsGIP concentrations were successfully measured during OGTTs in two independent populations (Malmö Diet Cancer-Cardiovascular Cohort [MDC-CC] and Prevalence, Prediction and Prevention of Diabetes in Botnia [PPP-Botnia]) in a total of 8044 subjects. GLP-1 (n = 3625) was measured in MDC-CC. The incidence of CVD and mortality was assessed via national/regional registers or questionnaires. Further, a two-sample Mendelian randomisation (2SMR) analysis between the GIP pathway and outcomes (coronary artery disease [CAD] and myocardial infarction) was carried out using a GIP-associated genetic variant, rs1800437, as instrumental variable. An additional reverse 2SMR was performed with CAD as exposure variable and GIP as outcome variable, with the instrumental variables constructed from 114 known genetic risk variants for CAD.
resultsIn meta-analyses, higher fasting levels of GIP were associated with risk of higher total mortality (HR[95% CI] = 1.22 [1.11, 1.35]; p = 4.5 × 10 CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationIn two prospective, community-based studies, elevated levels of GIP were associated with greater risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality within 5-9 years of follow-up, whereas GLP-1 levels were not associated with excess risk. Further studies are warranted to determine the cardiovascular effects of GIP per se.
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