ArticleHaematologica2021
Alternative activation of human macrophages enhances tissue factor expression and production of extracellular vesicles.
Article in Haematologica, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Hemostasis at the edge between physiology and cancer.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Review
- Renin-angiotensin imbalance promotes excessive fibrin deposition through M2 macrophage-derived tissue factor expression in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Tissue factor and regenerative medicine: shaping cell and extracellular vesicle-based therapeutic approaches.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicles in cancer immunotherapy: Therapeutic, challenges and clinical progress.Asian journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2025Review
- Deep learning to assess erythritol in zebrafish development, circadian rhythm, and cardiovascular disease risk.NPJ science of food · 2025Article
- Inflammatory stimuli and hypoxia on atherosclerotic plaque thrombogenicity: Linking macrophage tissue factor and glycolysis.PloS one · 2025Article
- Reduced Monocyte and Neutrophil Infiltration and Activation by P-Selectin/CD62P Inhibition Enhances Thrombus Resolution in Mice.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024Article
- Extracellular Vesicles and Immunity: At the Crossroads of Cell Communication.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Monocyte/macrophage-mediated venous thrombus resolution.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Interleukin-4 receptor alpha signaling regulates monocyte homeostasis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2022Article
- Article
- Pathophysiology of Coagulation and Emerging Roles for Extracellular Vesicles in Coagulation Cascades and Disorders.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Mechanisms of Immunothrombosis by SARS-CoV-2.Biomolecules · 2021Review
- MiRNA Let-7a and Let-7d Are Induced by Globotriaosylceramide via NF-kB Activation in Fabry Disease.Genes · 2021Article
- CSF1/CSF1R-mediated Crosstalk Between Choroidal Vascular Endothelial Cells and Macrophages Promotes Choroidal Neovascularization.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2021Article
- Malaria in Pregnancy: From Placental Infection to Its Abnormal Development and Damage.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Hydrogen Attenuates Endotoxin-Induced Lung Injury by Activating Thioredoxin 1 and Decreasing Tissue Factor Expression.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Phosphoproteomics identify arachidonic-acid-regulated signal transduction pathways modulating macrophage functions with implications for ovarian cancer.Theranostics · 2021Article
- Neutrophil Extracellular Trap Degradation by Differently Polarized Macrophage Subsets.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
20 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Macrophages are versatile cells that can be polarized by the tissue environment to fulfill required needs. Proinflammatory polarization is associated with increased tissue degradation and propagation of inflammation whereas alternative polarization within a Th2 cytokine environment is associated with wound healing and angiogenesis. To understand if polarization of macrophages can lead to a procoagulant macrophage subset we polarized human monocyte derived macrophages to a proinflammatory and an alternative activation state. Alternative polarization with interleukin-4 and IL-13 led to a macrophage phenotype characterized by increased tissue factor (TF) production and release and by an increase in extracellular vesicle production. In addition, also TF activity was enhanced in extracellular vesicles of alternatively polarized macrophages. This TF induction was dependent on signal transducer and activator of transcription-6 signaling and poly ADP ribose polymerase activity. In contrast to monocytes, human macrophages did not show increased tissue factor expression upon stimulation with lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ. Previous polarization to either a proinflammatory or an alternative activation subset does not change the subsequent stimulation of TF. The inability of proinflammatory activated macrophages to respond to lipopolysaccharide and interferon-γ with an increase in TF production seems to be due to an increase in TF promoter methylation and was reversible when treating these macrophages with a demethylation agent. In conclusion, we provide evidence that proinflammatory polarization of macrophages does not lead to enhanced procoagulatory function, whereas alternative polarization of macrophages leads to an increased expression of TF and increased production of TF bearing extracellular vesicles by these cells suggesting a procoagulatory phenotype of alternatively polarized macrophages.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.