ReviewToxins2020
Apitoxin and Its Components against Cancer, Neurodegeneration and Rheumatoid Arthritis: Limitations and Possibilities.
Review in Toxins, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Clinical Effectiveness and Adverse Events of Bee Venom Therapy: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.Toxins · 2020Pooled it
- Toxicity of Some Natural Products in the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Efficacy of Acupuncture and Bee Venom Injections in Improving Hearing in a Patient with Idiopathic Conductive Hearing Loss: a case report.Journal of pharmacopuncture · 2026Article
- Article
- JAK/STAT signaling pathway inhibitors in neurodegenerative diseases: current status and future perspectives.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Review
- From the hive to the brain: synergistic potential of honeybee products with alzheimer's drugs.Metabolic brain disease · 2025Review
- Melittin-Based Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy: Mechanisms, Applications, and Future Perspectives.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Synthesis and characterization of honey bee venom-loaded calcium oxide nanocomposites and evaluation of their cytotoxic (MCF-7) and antifungal activity.Discover nano · 2025Article
- Clinical Evidence of Bee Venom Acupuncture for Ankle Pain: A Review of Clinical Research.Toxins · 2025Review
- Suppression of skin lesions and SLE nephritis by increasing Treg in MRL/FASAdvances in rheumatology (London, England) · 2025Article
- Bee Venom Reduces Early Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Associated with Lipopolysaccharide-induced Alpha-synuclein in the Substantia Nigra-striatum Axis.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2025Article
- Epithelial-mesenchymal dynamics in cancer: Role of signalling pathways, stromal interactions and natural therapies.ADMET & DMPK · 2025Review
- Low-Dose Melittin Enhanced Pigment Production Through the Upregulation of Tyrosinase Activity and Dendricity in Melanocytes by Limiting Oxidative Stress: A Therapeutic Implication for Vitiligo.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Review
- Review
- Bee-Inspired Healing: Apitherapy in Veterinary Medicine for Maintenance and Improvement Animal Health and Well-Being.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Targeted delivery of bee venom to A549 lung cancer cells by PEGylate liposomal formulation: an apoptotic investigation.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Bee Venom-Loaded Niosomes as Innovative Platforms for Cancer Treatment: Development and Therapeutical Efficacy and Safety Evaluation.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Bee chitosan nanoparticles loaded with apitoxin as a novel approach to eradication of common human bacterial, fungal pathogens and treating cancer.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Bee Venom Toxic Effect on MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells andAnti-cancer agents in medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Natural products represent important sources for the discovery and design of novel drugs. Bee venom and its isolated components have been intensively studied with respect to their potential to counteract or ameliorate diverse human diseases. Despite extensive research and significant advances in recent years, multifactorial diseases such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis and neurodegenerative diseases remain major healthcare issues at present. Although pure bee venom, apitoxin, is mostly described to mediate anti-inflammatory, anti-arthritic and neuroprotective effects, its primary component melittin may represent an anticancer therapeutic. In this review, we approach the possibilities and limitations of apitoxin and its components in the treatment of these multifactorial diseases. We further discuss the observed unspecific cytotoxicity of melittin that strongly restricts its therapeutic use and review interesting possibilities of a beneficial use by selectively targeting melittin to cancer cells.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.