SynthesisJournal of addiction medicine
Time to First Cigarette: A Potential Clinical Screening Tool for Nicotine Dependence.
Synthesis in Journal of addiction medicine. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Thoracic Society of Australia and New Zealand (TSANZ) Guidance for the Management of Electronic Cigarette Use (Vaping) in Adolescents and Adults.Respirology (Carlton, Vic.) · 2025Guideline
- Article
- Sexual Minority Adults and Smoking Cessation Outcomes: A Longitudinal Population-Based Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Red Box, Green Box: Psychometric evaluation of a self-report behavioral frequency measurement approach for behavioral addictions research.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Association of smoking behavior and time to first cigarette with all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A cohort analysis from the NHANES 2001-2018.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Cessation outcomes and healthcare provider advice to quit among tobacco users: A cross-sectional analysis of the 2018-2019 Tobacco Control Policy (TCP) India survey.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Time to first cigarette after waking and risk of incident chronic respiratory diseases in males: A prospective national cohort study.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with time to first cigarette upon waking: Findings from the Malaysian national tobacco survey 2023.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- The association between smoking and COVID-19 symptoms, severity, and post-COVID-19 symptoms: a cross-sectional survey study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Impact of Low-Dose Computed Tomography Findings on Cigarette Smoking Cessation Among High-Risk Adults Participating in Lung Cancer Screening.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Observational
- Understanding biopsychosocial factors influencing cigarette smoking among transgender and gender diverse individuals living in Argentina: a qualitative study.International journal for equity in health · 2025Article
- A Comparative Evaluation of Hearing and Psychological Distress in Smokers and Non-smokers: A Cross-Sectional Study.Cureus · 2025Article
- Uptake and 4-week outcomes of an 'opt-out' smoking cessation referral strategy in a London-based lung cancer screening setting.BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Observational
- Association between health literacy and the time to first cigarette among daily smokers in Zhejiang Province, China.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Personal Characteristics Associated With Switching From Cigarettes to Noncombustible Tobacco and Nicotine Products Among U.S. Adults: Findings From PATH Study Waves 1-5.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Article
- Smoking timing, genetic susceptibility, and the risk of incident atrial fibrillation: a large prospective cohort study.European journal of preventive cardiology · 2024Article
- Ecological momentary assessment of delay discounting, reward valuation, and craving in very light cigarette users.Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior · 2024Article
- Comparing the Fagerström Test and Heaviness of Smoking Index in Predicting Smoking Abstinence in Cancer Patients.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Article
- Associations of demographic and tobacco use characteristics with young adults' self-reported clinical encounters: Implications for cessation efforts.Preventive medicine reports · 2024Article
- Smoking timing, genetic susceptibility and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes: A cohort study from the UK Biobank.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThe time to first cigarette (TTFC) of the day has been identified as the best single-item indicator of nicotine dependence. However, TTFC has not been extensively used in clinical settings and is not a criterion for tobacco use disorder, perhaps due to a lack of information about TTFC's predictive value. This review provides a synthesis of the accumulating literature on TTFC's relationships with nicotine dependence, identify gaps, and inform future clinical and epidemiologic research of potential uses of TTFC.
methodsA systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science ISI databases. We identified 16 articles examining the relation between TTFC and negative outcomes associated with high levels of nicotine addiction and Tobacco Use Disorders (eg, high levels of nicotine and toxicant exposure, progressive use over time, failed cessation, head-and-neck cancers).
resultsEarlier TTFC was consistently associated with greater likelihood of cessation failure and relapse, and higher levels of biomarkers of tobacco exposure. Several of these associations were found among both adult and adolescent smokers, and remained even after accounting for smoking behaviors (eg, cigarettes/day).
conclusionsEarlier TTFC is a key indicator of greater nicotine dependence. Knowledge of a smoker's TTFC may allow clinicians to accurately inform smokers of health risks and assign greater resources during cessation attempts. Smokers may be able to use TTFC to self-select cessation aids and accurately assess their unique smoking-related health risks. TTFC may be a better item than cigarettes/day for accurately quantifying dependence and risk in epidemiologic studies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.