Trial reportPloS one2020
Treatment of children under 4 years of age with medulloblastoma and ependymoma in the HIT2000/HIT-REZ 2005 trials: Neuropsychological outcome 5 years after treatment.
Trial report in PloS one, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Questions and answers in the management of children with medulloblastoma over the time. How did we get here? A systematic review.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Neuropsychological late effects in young children with medulloblastoma: A longitudinal analysis after 5 and 15 years from the HIT-SKK-'87/'92 studies.Neuro-oncology practice · 2026Article
- Salvage therapies for first relapse of SHH medulloblastoma in early childhood.Neuro-oncology · 2025Article
- Risk factors for domain-specific neurocognitive outcome in pediatric survivors of a brain tumor in the posterior fossa-Results of the HIT 2000 trial.Neuro-oncology · 2024Article
- Article
- Intraventricular SHH inhibition proves efficient in SHH medulloblastoma mouse model and prevents systemic side effects.Neuro-oncology · 2024Article
- Survival of pediatric patients with ependymoma in a tertiary cancer center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Neurocognitive and radiological follow-up of children under 5 years of age treated for medulloblastoma according to the HIT-SKK protocol.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2023Article
- Tandem autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for embryonal brain tumors in infants and very young children.Bone marrow transplantation · 2022Article
- Long-term neuropsychological outcomes of survivors of young childhood brain tumors treated on the Head Start II protocol.Neuro-oncology practice · 2021Article
- Infantile Brain Tumors: A Review of Literature and Future Perspectives.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Young children with medulloblastoma: important open questions and the high-risk dilemma.Neuro-oncology · 2020Article
- Long-term cognitive outcome in adult survivors of an early childhood posterior fossa brain tumour.International journal of clinical oncology · 2020Article
- Short-Term Consequences of Pediatric Anti-cancer Treatment Regarding Blood Pressure, Motor Performance, Physical Activity and Reintegration Into Sports Structures.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 10 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Young children with brain tumours are at high risk of developing treatment-related sequelae. We aimed to assess neuropsychological outcomes 5 years after treatment. This cross-sectional study included children under 4 years of age with medulloblastoma (MB) or ependymoma (EP) enrolled in the German brain tumour trials HIT2000 and HIT-REZ2005. Testing was performed using the validated Wuerzburg Intelligence Diagnostics (WUEP-D), which includes Kaufman-Assessment-Battery, Coloured Progressive Matrices, Visual-Motor Integration, finger tapping "Speed", and the Continuous Performance Test. Of 104 patients in 47 centres, 72 were eligible for analyses. We assessed whether IQ was impacted by disease extent, disease location, patient age, gender, age at surgery, and treatment (chemotherapy with our without craniospinal irradiation [CSI] or local radiotherapy [LRT]). Median age at surgery was 2.3 years. Testing was performed at a median of 4.9 years after surgery. Patients with infratentorial EPs (treated with LRT) scored highest in fluid intelligence (CPM 100.9±16.9, mean±SD); second best scores were achieved by patients with MB without metastasis treated with chemotherapy alone (CPM 93.9±13.2), followed by patients with supratentorial EPs treated with LRT. In contrast, lowest scores were achieved by patients that received chemotherapy and CSI, which included children with metastasised MB and those with relapsed MB M0 (CPM 71.7±8.0 and 73.2±21.8, respectively). Fine motor skills were reduced in all groups. Multivariable analysis revealed that type of treatment had an impact on IQ, but essentially not age at surgery, time since surgery or gender. Our results confirm previous reports on the detrimental effects of CSI in a larger cohort of children. Comparable IQ scores in children with MB treated only with chemotherapy and in children with EP suggest that this treatment strategy represents an attractive option for children who have a high chance to avoid application of CSI. Longitudinal follow-up examinations are warranted to assess long-term neuropsychological outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.