Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31969561›Full record

ArticleNature communications2020

The negative cofactor 2 complex is a key regulator of drug resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus.

Takanori Furukawa, Norman van Rhijn, Marcin Fraczek, Fabio Gsaller, Emma Davies, Paul Carr, Sara Gago, Rachael Fortune-Grant, Sayema Rahman, Jane Mabey Gilsenan and 13 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
94citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

94 citing papers in PubMed, 144 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Genotype-Phenotype Relationships in Azole-ResistantJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Oxidoreductase geneMicrobiology spectrum · 2026
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Azole-ResistantJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Recent developments inMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2025
    Review

34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.

Takanori Furukawa *Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, CTF Building, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9385-9612
Norman van Rhijn *Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, CTF Building, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6722-2757
Marcin FraczekManchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, CTF Building, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK.
Fabio GsallerManchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, CTF Building, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK.
Emma DaviesManchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, CTF Building, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK.
Paul CarrManchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, CTF Building, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK.
Sara GagoManchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, CTF Building, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-4598
Rachael Fortune-GrantManchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, CTF Building, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK.
Sayema RahmanManchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, CTF Building, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK.
Jane Mabey GilsenanManchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, CTF Building, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK.
Emma HoulderLydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0448-6055
Caitlin H KowalskiDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03766, USA.
Shriya RajUnité des Aspergillus, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Cedex 15, Paris, France.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1973-6347
Sanjoy PaulDepartment of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
Peter CookLydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Manchester Collaborative Centre for Inflammation Research, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5208-4985
Josie E ParkerInstitute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, SA2 8PP, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3855-4194
Steve KellyInstitute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, SA2 8PP, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7991-5040
Robert A CramerDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03766, USA.
Jean-Paul LatgéUnité des Aspergillus, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Cedex 15, Paris, France.
Scott Moye-RowleyDepartment of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA.
Elaine BignellManchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, CTF Building, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK.
Paul Bowyer *Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, CTF Building, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK. Paul.Bowyer@manchester.ac.uk.
Michael J Bromley *Manchester Fungal Infection Group, Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, CTF Building, 46 Grafton Street, Manchester, M13 9NT, UK. Mike.Bromley@manchester.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7611-0201
Manchester Academic Health Science Centre · GBUniversity of Manchester · GBDartmouth College · USInstitut Pasteur · FRSwansea University · GBUniversity of Iowa · US

Funding

Evolution of Aspergillus fumigatus virulenceR01AI130128 · NIAID · DARTMOUTH COLLEGE · PI Robert Andrew Cramer · 2017 to 2026
$4.5M
Elevated gene transcription of the cyp51A gene is essential for azole drug resistance in Aspergillus fumigatusR01AI143198 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF IOWA · PI W Scott Moye-Rowley · 2019 to 2026
$3.9M
Hypoxia Adaptation and Fungal Virulence of Aspergillus fumigatusR01AI081838 · NIAID · MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY - BOZEMAN · PI CRAMER, ROBERT ANDREW · 2009 to 2017
$2.9M
Medical Research Council MR/M02010X/1NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI081838NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI130128NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI143198Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The frequency of antifungal resistance, particularly to the azole class of ergosterol biosynthetic inhibitors, is a growing global health problem. Survival rates for those infected with resistant isolates are exceptionally low. Beyond modification of the drug target, our understanding of the molecular basis of azole resistance in the fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus is limited. We reasoned that clinically relevant antifungal resistance could derive from transcriptional rewiring, promoting drug resistance without concomitant reductions in pathogenicity. Here we report a genome-wide annotation of transcriptional regulators in A. fumigatus and construction of a library of 484 transcription factor null mutants. We identify 12 regulators that have a demonstrable role in itraconazole susceptibility and show that loss of the negative cofactor 2 complex leads to resistance, not only to the azoles but also the salvage therapeutics amphotericin B and terbinafine without significantly affecting pathogenicity.

Indexed as

Drug Resistance, FungalAmphotericin BAntifungal AgentsAspergillus fumigatusAzolesFungal ProteinsMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAmphotericin BAntifungal AgentsAzolesFungal Proteins

Identifiers

PMID31969561
PMCPMC7194077
OpenAlexW3002988646

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.