ArticleBMJ open2020
'Good health means being mentally, socially, emotionally and physically fit': women's understanding of health and ill health during and after pregnancy in India and Pakistan: a qualitative study.
Article in BMJ open, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- South Asian women's lived experiences of health care after disclosure of family violence: a qualitative meta-synthesis review.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Perceptions and attitudes around perinatal mental health in Bangladesh, India and Pakistan: a systematic review of qualitative data.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2022Pooled it
- Maternal multimorbidity during pregnancy and after childbirth in women in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic literature review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Pooled it
- Perinatal mental health and its social determinants: qualitative findings from rural Telangana.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Perinatal mental health in India in the states of Haryana and Telangana: A district-level situational analysis.Global mental health (Cambridge, England) · 2025Article
- Mental Health Awareness and Promotion during the First 1000 Days of Life: An Expert Consensus.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
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Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo explore what women consider health and ill health to be, in general, and during and after pregnancy. Women's views on how to approach screening for mental ill health and social morbidities were also explored. SETTINGS: Public hospitals in New Delhi, India and Islamabad, Pakistan.
participants130 women attending for routine antenatal or postnatal care at the study healthcare facilities.
interventionsData collection was conducted using focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Transcribed interviews were coded by topic and grouped into categories. Thematic framework analysis identified emerging themes.
resultsWomen are aware that maternal health is multidimensional and linked to the health of the baby. Concepts of good health included: nutritious diet, ideal weight, absence of disease and a supportive family environment. Ill health consisted of physical symptoms and medical disease, stress/tension, domestic violence and alcohol abuse in the family. Reported barriers to routine enquiry regarding mental and social ill health included a small number of women's perceptions that these issues are 'personal', that healthcare providers do not have the time and/or cannot provide further care, even if mental or social ill health is disclosed.
conclusionsWomen have a good understanding of the comprehensive nature of health and ill health during and after pregnancy. Women report that enquiry regarding mental and social ill health is not part of routine maternity care, but most welcome such an assessment. Healthcare providers have a duty of care to deliver respectful care that meets the health needs of women in a comprehensive, integrated, holistic manner, including mental and social care. There is a need for further research to understand how to support healthcare providers to screen for all aspects of maternal morbidity (physical, mental and social); and for healthcare providers to be enabled to provide support and evidence-based care and/or referral for women if any ill health is disclosed.
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