ReviewInternational immunology2020
Physiology and pathology of T-cell aging.
Review in International immunology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 119 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk Factors for Secondary Immunodeficiency in the Aged.The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice · 2026Review
- The Neuroimmune Duality of CD4⁺ T Cells: Drivers of Damage and Repair in the Brain.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- CD151 identifies a cytotoxic CD4 T cell population enriched in people with HIV that later develop cancer.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2026Article
- Morphometric analysis of the thymic epithelial cell network using integrated and orthogonal digital pathology approaches.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Seroepidemiology and Reactivation Rates of Cytomegalovirus in HIV-Positive Patients in Istanbul: A Retrospective Analysis.Viruses · 2026Article
- Is Thymic Involution Truly a Deterioration or an Adaptation?Bulletin of mathematical biology · 2026Article
- Helios expression in naive CD4+ T cells decreases from neonates to older adults.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2026Article
- Mechanism and intervention strategy of thymus atrophy in cancer immunotherapy.American journal of cancer research · 2026Review
- Mechanistic basis and therapeutic modulation of T cell fitness to enhance CAR-T cell efficacy in hematological malignancies.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Identifying space-resolved proteins of the murine thymus, by combining MALDI-MSI and proteomics.Life science alliance · 2026Article
- Tissue-Specific Expansion of Age-Associated B Cells via IFN-γ and IL-21 Within Salivary Glands in Sjögren Disease.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Single-cell transcriptomic profiling reveals aberrant CD4⁺ naive T cell differentiation driving immune activation in Behçet's uveitis.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- A comprehensive analysis of clinical factors interacting with ectopic intrathyroidal thymus in children and adolescents: The Fukushima Health Management Survey.Endocrine journal · 2025Article
- Review
- Perioperative Profiles of Immune Cells in Patients with Postoperative Delirium After Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Beyond cysts - organization of epithelial networks in the murine thymus.Journal of cell science · 2025Article
- Stromal senescence contributes to age-related increases in cancer.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2025Review
- Sustained immune youth risks autoimmune disease in the aging host.Nature aging · 2025Review
- Effect of prevaccination blood and T-cell phenotypes on antibody responses to a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine.International immunology · 2025Article
- Single cell-resolved cellular, transcriptional, and epigenetic changes in mouse T cell populations linked to age-associated immune decline.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Acquired immune function shows recognizable changes over time with organismal aging. These changes include T-cell dysfunction, which may underlie diminished resistance to infection and possibly various chronic age-associated diseases in the elderly. T-cell dysfunction may occur at distinct stages, from naive cells to the end stages of differentiation during immune responses. The thymus, which generates naive T cells, shows unusually early involution resulting in progressive reduction of T-cell output after adolescence, but peripheral T-cell numbers are maintained through antigen-independent homeostatic proliferation of naive T cells driven by the major histocompatibility complex associated with self-peptides and homeostatic cytokines, retaining the diverse repertoire. However, extensive homeostatic proliferation may lead to the emergence of dysfunctional CD4+ T cells with features resembling senescent cells, termed senescence-associated T (SA-T) cells, which increase and accumulate with age. In situations such as chronic viral infection, T-cell dysfunction may also develop via persistent antigen stimulation, termed exhaustion, preventing possible immunopathology due to excessive immune responses. Exhausted T cells are developed through the effects of checkpoint receptors such as PD-1 and may be reversed with the receptor blockade. Of note, although defective in their regular T-cell antigen-receptor-mediated proliferation, SA-T cells secrete abundant pro-inflammatory factors such as osteopontin, reminiscent of an SA-secretory phenotype. A series of experiments in mouse models indicated that SA-T cells are involved in systemic autoimmunity as well as chronic tissue inflammation following tissue stresses. In this review, we discuss the physiological aspects of T-cell dysfunction associated with aging and its potential pathological involvement in age-associated diseases and possibly cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.