ReviewMultiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)2020
The effect of sex on multiple sclerosis risk and disease progression.
Review in Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England), 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 101 citations in OpenAlex.
- Which experimental factors govern successful animal-to-human translation in multiple sclerosis drug development? A systematic review and meta-analysis.EBioMedicine · 2024Pooled it
- Multikingdom microbiome-based machine learning enables multiple sclerosis diagnosis.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Sex-Related Differences in Circular RNA Expression in Multiple Sclerosis: A Pilot Study.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Article
- Insights and challenges on animal models for progressive multiple sclerosis.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Sex differences in immune modulation: implications for infection, inflammation, and nutritional supplementation.Biology of sex differences · 2026Review
- High-protein diets increase microbiota associated p-cresol production in the colon and reduce gut barrier function in a sex-dependent manner.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Article
- Sex and gender-related differences in neurological diseases: current challenges and recommendations for clinical practice.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
- Chronic low-grade inflammation, genetic susceptibility, and the risk of multiple sclerosis: a prospective cohort study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Longitudinal proteomic profiling of cerebrospinal fluid in untreated multiple sclerosis defines evolving disease biology.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Combined Influence of Depressive Symptoms and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate on Cognition Decline in US Adults.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- Sex-Related Differences in Lifestyle Factors Affecting Multiple Sclerosis Susceptibility and Disease Progression.Brain sciences · 2025Review
- A Cross-Sectional Study of Delayed Diagnosis Associated with Gender and Racial Identity in Multiple Sclerosis.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- Low-Intensity Physical Exercise is Associated with Improved Myelination and Reduced Microglial Activation in a Cuprizone-Induced Demyelination Model.Neurochemical research · 2025Article
- The Relationship Between Autoimmune Disorders and Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical Insights and Therapeutic Approaches.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Sex differences in age-associated neurological diseases-A roadmap for reliable and high-yield research.Science advances · 2025Review
- First-year treatment response predicts the following 5-year disease course in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Article
- Cost effectiveness of different treatment strategies with natalizumab for pregnant women with multiple sclerosis.Journal of neurology · 2025Article
- Sex differences in relapse-independent and relapse-associated disability progression in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a real-world inverse-probability weighted study.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2025Article
- CONFIDENCE treatment success: long-term real-world effectiveness and safety of ocrelizumab in Germany.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Sex differences in the incidence or severity of disease characterize many autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases. Multiple sclerosis is a complex disease with both autoimmune and neurodegenerative aspects and is characterized by sex differences in susceptibility and progression. Research in the study sex differences is a way to capitalize on a known clinical observation, mechanistically disentangle it at the laboratory bench, then translate basic research findings back to the clinic as a novel treatment trial tailored to optimally benefit each sex. This "Bedside to Bench to Bedside" approach based on sex differences in MS will be reviewed here, first for disease susceptibility then for disability progression.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.