ReviewMaternal & child nutrition2020
Quantifying breast milk intake by term and preterm infants for input into paediatric physiologically based pharmacokinetic models.
Review in Maternal & child nutrition, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- A systematic review on maternal-to-infant transfer of drugs through breast milk during the treatment of malaria, tuberculosis, and neglected tropical diseases.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Development of a Generic Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Model for Lactation and Prediction of Maternal and Infant Exposure to Ondansetron via Breast Milk.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2022Pooled it
- PBPK-Based Prediction of Oliceridine Exposure in Breast Milk and Relative Infant Dose During the First 24 h After Cesarean Delivery.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Model-Informed Evaluation of Hydroxyurea Exposure During Lactation.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Breast Milk Expression Frequency and Production, Na Concentrations and Na:K Ratios in the First 4 Weeks After Preterm Birth.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Physiologically based pharmacokinetic model combined with a clinical lactation study to determine doravirine concentrations in human breastmilk.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Article
- Safe use of human milk for preterms in the context of maternal polypharmacy: a framework to improve practices.Pediatric research · 2026Review
- Postpartum changes in maternal physiology and milk composition: a comprehensive database for developing lactation physiologically-based pharmacokinetic models.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Coupling Pre- and Postnatal Infant Exposures with Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling to Predict Cumulative Maternal Levetiracetam Exposure During Breastfeeding.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2024Article
- Population pharmacokinetic modeling of paired plasma-breast milk lamivudine data for estimation of infant exposure in breastfeeding mother-infant pairs.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2024Observational
- Informing the risk assessment related to lactation and drug exposure: A physiologically based pharmacokinetic lactation model for pregabalin.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2024Article
- Investigation of a fully mechanistic physiologically based pharmacokinetics model of absorption to support predictions of milk concentrations in breastfeeding women and the exposure of infants: A case study for albendazole.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2024Article
- Intergenerational transmission of sucralose and acesulfame-potassium from mothers to their infants via human milk: a pharmacokinetic study.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Article
- Maternal Ezetimibe Concentrations Measured in Breast Milk and Its Use in Breastfeeding Infant Exposure Predictions.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2024Article
- The MILK study: Investigating intergenerational transmission of low-calorie sweeteners in breast milk.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2023Article
- Review
- Cannabidiol Exposure Through Maternal Marijuana Use: Predictions in Breastfed Infants.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 2023Article
- Informing a Comprehensive Risk Assessment of Infant Drug Exposure From Human Milk: Application of a Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Lactation Model for Sotalol.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2023Article
- Generic Workflow to Predict Medicine Concentrations in Human Milk Using Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Modelling-A Contribution from the ConcePTION Project.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite the many benefits of breast milk, mothers taking medication are often uncertain about the risks of drug exposure to their infants and decide not to breastfeed. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models can contribute to drug-in-milk safety assessments by predicting the infant exposure and subsequently, risk for toxic effects that would result from continuous breastfeeding. This review aimed to quantify breast milk intake feeding parameters in term and preterm infants using literature data for input into paediatric physiologically based pharmacokinetic models designed for drug-in-milk risk assessment. Ovid MEDLINE and Embase were searched up to July 2, 2019. Key study reference lists and grey literature were reviewed. Title, abstract and full text were screened in nonduplicate. Daily weight-normalized human milk intake (WHMI) and feeding frequency by age were extracted. The review process retrieved 52 studies. A nonlinear regression equation was constructed to describe the WHMI of exclusively breastfed term infants from birth to 1 year of age. In all cases, preterm infants fed with similar feeding parameters to term infants on a weight-normalized basis. Maximum WHMI was 152.6 ml/kg/day at 19.7 days, and weighted mean feeding frequency was 7.7 feeds/day. Existing methods for approximating breast milk intake were refined by using a comprehensive set of literature data to describe WHMI and feeding frequency. Milk feeding parameters were quantified for preterm infants, a vulnerable population at risk for high drug exposure and toxic effects. A high-risk period of exposure at 2-4 weeks of age was identified and can inform future drug-in-milk risk assessments.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.