ReviewAnnals of surgical oncology2020
Toxicity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: Considerations for the Surgeon.
Review in Annals of surgical oncology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Precision medicine for advanced biliary tract cancer in China: current status and future perspectives.Frontiers of medicine · 2025Review
- Systemic Therapy for Melanoma: What Surgeons Need to Know.Surgical oncology clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Diagnosis and Management of Skin Toxicities in Systemic Treatment of Genitourinary Cancers.Cancers · 2025Review
- Association of Preoperative Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy With Cardiopulmonary Instability and Organ Injury After High-Risk Surgery.Critical care explorations · 2024Article
- Timing is Everything: Neoadjuvant Versus Adjuvant Immunotherapy in Patients with Resectable Metastatic Melanoma.Annals of surgical oncology · 2023Article
- A Review of Immune Checkpoint Blockade for the General Surgeon.The Journal of surgical research · 2023Review
- Gastrointestinal Surgical Emergencies in the Neutropenic Immunocompromised Patient.Journal of gastrointestinal surgery : official journal of the Society for Surgery of the Alimentary Tract · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe use of immunotherapeutic agents, specifically immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) for solid malignancies, is rapidly rising, and many new agents and treatment combinations are in development. However, ICIs have a unique side-effect profile of immune-related adverse events (irAEs) compared with chemotherapeutic agents or targeted therapies.
methodsIn this report the diverse spectrum of irAEs is highlighted using two patients with metastatic melanoma undergoing treatment with ICIs. We supplement these case reports with a brief literature review of the data regarding the safety of surgical intervention in patients taking irAEs.
resultsThe report describes the basic approach to the detection and management of irAEs, notes important perioperative considerations, and discusses the safety of surgical intervention for these patients.
conclusionsOverall, these irAEs represent a diverse group of pathologies with variable timing and sometimes subtle presentation requiring careful monitoring and heightened clinical suspicion for potential toxicity by all providers, including surgeons.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.