ReviewCold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine2020
Influenza Vaccines Delivered in Early Childhood Could Turn Antigenic Sin into Antigenic Blessings.
Review in Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Pre-existing and cross-reactive immunity to avian influenza H5N1 in humans: Implications for pandemic risk and vaccine strategies.The Journal of infection · 2026Review
- Childhood immune imprinting shapes cohort and period influenza mortality.Science advances · 2026Article
- H1N1 challenge results in rapid recall of stem-specific immunity in HA stem nanoparticle-vaccinated newborn monkeys.JCI insight · 2025Article
- Preexisting immunity to the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus reduces susceptibility to H5N1 infection and disease in ferrets.Science translational medicine · 2025Article
- Induction of hemagglutinin stalk reactive antibodies by the administration of a live-attenuated influenza virus vaccine in children.iScience · 2025Article
- Review
- Factors determining the outcomes of immune imprinting after repeated orthoflavivirus infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Impact of Viral Lower Respiratory Tract Infection (LRTI) in Early Childhood (0-2 Years) on Lung Growth and Development and Lifelong Trajectories of Pulmonary Health: A National Institutes of Health (NIH) Workshop Summary.Pediatric pulmonology · 2025Review
- Immune imprinting in early life shapes cross-reactivity to influenza B virus haemagglutinin.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- Review
- In search of a pan-coronavirus vaccine: next-generation vaccine design and immune mechanisms.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2024Review
- Immune imprinting and next-generation coronavirus vaccines.Nature microbiology · 2023Review
- Chimeric hemagglutinin split vaccines elicit broadly cross-reactive antibodies and protection against group 2 influenza viruses in mice.Science advances · 2023Article
- Impact of antigenic evolution and original antigenic sin on SARS-CoV-2 immunity.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Review
- Anamnestic broadly reactive antibodies induced by H7N9 virus more efficiently bind to seasonal H3N2 strains.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Article
- Bivalent H1 and H3 COBRA Recombinant Hemagglutinin Vaccines Elicit Seroprotective Antibodies against H1N1 and H3N2 Influenza Viruses from 2009 to 2019.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Affinity maturation for an optimal balance between long-term immune coverage and short-term resource constraints.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- Teach 'em young: Influenza vaccines induce broadly neutralizing antibodies in children.Cell reports. Medicine · 2022Article
- Review
- Flu Universal Vaccines: New Tricks on an Old Virus.Virologica Sinica · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Substantial evidence has accumulated that "original antigenic sin" is a central factor shaping immune responses against influenza viruses. Here, we argue that this propensity of initial influenza virus exposure to establish a lifelong immunological imprint presents a remarkable opportunity: Immunization of infants prior to their initial, natural viral exposure could circumvent narrow immunological imprinting directed toward a single viral strain. Simultaneous initial exposure to antigens from multiple influenza strains via vaccination holds the promise of extending immunological imprinting across all currently circulating strains and against potential pandemic strains of influenza A virus, potentially providing a readily accessible form of universal protection against severe disease from both pandemic and seasonal influenza.
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Registered trials
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