ReviewVaccine2020
Opportunities for an atherosclerosis vaccine: From mice to humans.
Review in Vaccine, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunotherapy and vaccine-based approaches for atherosclerosis prevention: a systematic review study.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Nonlinear associations between the aggregate index of systemic inflammation and cardiovascular disease in adults: evidence from NHANES 2011-2020.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Anti-Atherogenic Mechanisms and Therapies.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2025Review
- A nanovaccine for immune activation and prophylactic protection of atherosclerosis in mouse models.Nature communications · 2025Article
- A bibliometric analysis of vaccination against atherosclerosis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Advancements in the Treatment of Atherosclerosis: From Conventional Therapies to Cutting-Edge Innovations.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Review
- Breaking tolerance: the autoimmune aspect of atherosclerosis.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- Inflammation and Atherosclerosis: Prospects for Clinical Trials.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024Review
- Immunotherapy for atherosclerosis by targeting pro-inflammatory T cells.Cell research · 2024Article
- Therapeutic Avenues to Modulate B-Cell Function in Patients With Cardiovascular Disease.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024Review
- Biomimetic Platelet-Cloaked Nanoparticles for the Delivery of Anti-Inflammatory Curcumin in the Treatment of Atherosclerosis.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Article
- Two decades of vaccine development against atherosclerosis.Nano today · 2023Article
- How the immune system shapes atherosclerosis: roles of innate and adaptive immunity.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2022Review
- Targeting Cell-Specific Molecular Mechanisms of Innate Immunity in Atherosclerosis.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
- EVA1A Plays an Important Role by Regulating Autophagy in Physiological and Pathological Processes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Antiatherogenic Effects of Quercetin in the THP-1 Macrophage ModelFrontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Role of the adaptive immune system in atherosclerosis.Biochemical Society transactions · 2020Review
- T cell subsets and functions in atherosclerosis.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2020Review
- Reflections on Atherosclerosis: Lesson from the Past and Future Research Directions.Journal of multidisciplinary healthcare · 2020Review
- Dare to Compare. Development of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Human, Mouse, and Zebrafish.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, the major underlying cause of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), is the number one killer globally. The disease pathogenesis involves a complex interplay between metabolic and immune components. Although lipid-lowering drugs such as statins curb the risks associated with CVD, significant residual inflammatory risk remains. Substantial evidence from experimental models and clinical studies has established the role of inflammation and immune effector mechanisms in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Several stages of the disease are affected by host-mediated antigen-specific adaptive immune responses that play either protective or proatherogenic roles. Therefore, strategies to boost an anti-atherogenic humoral and T regulatory cell response are emerging as preventative or therapeutic strategies to lowering inflammatory residual risks. Vaccination holds promise as an efficient, durable and relatively inexpensive approach to induce protective adaptive immunity in atherosclerotic patients. In this review, we discuss the status and opportunities for a human atherosclerosis vaccine. We describe (1) some of the immunomodulatory therapeutic interventions tested in atherosclerosis (2) the immune targets identified in pre-clinical and clinical investigations (3) immunization strategies evaluated in animal models (4) past and ongoing clinical trials to examine the safety and efficacy of human atherosclerosis vaccines and (5) strategies to improve and optimize vaccination in humans (antigen selection, formulation, dose and delivery).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.