Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31962316›Full record

ArticleSkin pharmacology and physiology2020

Plasma Permeabilization of Human Excised Full-Thickness Skin by µs- and ns-pulsed DBD.

Monika Gelker, Christel C Müller-Goymann, Wolfgang Viöl

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Skin pharmacology and physiology, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Penetration depth of cold atmospheric plasma into biological tissue: a review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Monika GelkerDepartment of Sciences and Technology, HAWK University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Göttingen, Germany, monika.gelker@hawk.de.
Christel C Müller-GoymannPVZ - Center of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.
Wolfgang ViölDepartment of Sciences and Technology, HAWK University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Göttingen, Germany.
University of Applied Sciences and Arts Hildesheim/Holzminden/Göttingen · DETechnische Universität Braunschweig · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionCold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is gaining increasing importance as a medical or cosmetic treatment for various indications. The technology is best suited to the treatment of surfaces such as the skin and is already used in wound care and, in exemplary case studies, the reduction of superficial tumors. Several plasma sources have been reported to affect the skin barrier function and potentially enable drug delivery across or into plasma-treated skin.

objectiveIn this study, this effect was quantified for different plasma sources in order to elucidate the influence of voltage rise time, pulse duration, and power density in treatments of full-thickness skin.

methodsWe compared three different dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) as to their permeabilization efficiency using Franz diffusion cell permeation experiments and measurements of the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) with full-thickness human excised skin.

resultsWe found a significant reduction of the TEER for all three plasma sources. Permeation of the hydrophilic sodium fluorescein molecule was enhanced by a factor of 11.7 (low power) to 41.6 (high power) through µs-pulsed DBD-treated skin. A smaller effect was observed after treatment with the ns-pulsed DBD.

conclusionsThe direct treatment of excised human full-thickness skin with CAP, specifically a DBD, can lead to pore formation and enhances transdermal transport of sodium fluorescein.

Indexed as

ElectricitySkin AbsorptionAdministration, CutaneousAdultFemaleHumansMiddle AgedPlasma GasesSkinPlasma GasesCold atmospheric plasmaDielectric barrier dischargePermeationPlasma medicinePlasma permeabilizationTransdermal drug deliveryTransepithelial electrical resistance

Identifiers

PMID31962316
PMCPMC7384346
OpenAlexW3001868445

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.