Evidence map›Paper›PMID 31961288›Full record

ArticleEmerging infectious diseases2020

Influence of Rainfall on Leptospira Infection and Disease in a Tropical Urban Setting, Brazil.

Kathryn P Hacker, Gielson A Sacramento, Jaqueline S Cruz, Daiana de Oliveira, Nivison Nery, Janet C Lindow, Mayara Carvalho, Jose Hagan, Peter J Diggle, Mike Begon and 4 more

Open access · diamondAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Emerging infectious diseases, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed, 61 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Wild Boar (Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Leptospirosis.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2025
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Spatiotemporal assessment of pathogenicJournal of water and health · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 8 institutions in 3 countries.

Kathryn P Hacker
Gielson A Sacramento
Jaqueline S Cruz
Daiana de Oliveira
Nivison Nery
Janet C Lindow
Mayara Carvalho
Jose Hagan
Peter J Diggle
Mike Begon
Mitermayer G Reis
Elsio A Wunder
Albert I Ko
Federico Costa
Yale University · USJohns Hopkins University · USLancaster University · GBUniversity of Liverpool · GBHospital Ana Nery · BRMontana State University · USUniversidade Federal da Bahia · BRUniversity of Pennsylvania · US

Funding

Research Mentoring and Building Capacity of underrepresented Minority Research Scientists in India.D43TW010540 · FIC · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI MICHELE BARRY, Eva Harris · 2017 to 2026
$15.5M
Naturally-Acquired and Vaccine-Mediated Immunity to LeptospirosisR01AI121207 · NIAID · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI KO, ALBERT ICKSANG, REIS, MITERMAYER GALVAO DOS · 2016 to 2020
$6.4M
Global Health Fellows and Scholars Research TrainingR25TW009338 · FIC · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI BARRY, MICHELE, KO, ALBERT ICKSANG · 2012 to 2016
$5.2M
Ecoepidemiology of leptospirosis in the urban slums of BrazilR01TW009504 · FIC · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI BEGON, MICHAEL, CHILDS, JAMES EMORY · 2012 to 2016
$2.2M
Rodent Population Dynamics and Leptospirosis Infection in Urban Slum EnviornmentsF31AI114245 · NIAID · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI HACKER, KATHRYN PATRICIA · 2014 to 2015
$55k
FIC NIH HHS D43 TW010540FIC NIH HHS R01 TW009504FIC NIH HHS R25 TW009338Medical Research Council MR/P024084/1Medical Research Council MR/P0240841NIAID NIH HHS F31 AI114245NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI121207Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 102330/Z/13/Z
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The incidence of hospitalized leptospirosis patients was positively associated with increased precipitation in Salvador, Brazil. However, Leptospira infection risk among a cohort of city residents was inversely associated with rainfall. These findings indicate that, although heavy rainfall may increase severe illness, Leptospira exposures can occur year-round.

Indexed as

HospitalizationAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBrazilChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansIncidenceLeptospirosisMaleMiddle AgedPovertyRainbacteriaBrazilepidemiologyLeptospiraleptospirosispublic healthrainfallseasonal infectionslum healthtemporal dynamicsurban epidemiologywaterborne infectionszoonoses

Identifiers

PMID31961288
PMCPMC6986844
OpenAlexW2997349507

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.