ArticleThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2020
Genomic dynamics of species and mobile genetic elements in a prolonged blaIMP-4-associated carbapenemase outbreak in an Australian hospital.
Article in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genomic and Phenotypic Characterization of Two Novel Enterobacter Phages With EDTA-Enhanced Antibiofilm Activity.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Genomic characterization ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Antimicrobial resistance and plasmidome of carbapenemase-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae causing bloodstream infections between 2014 and 2024.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Impact of restricted antibiotic use, hand hygiene, and sink trap replacement on carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales acquisition in parturients and newborns, Southeast Gabon (2022-2023).Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2026Article
- Within patient horizontal gene transfer dynamics of a blaEuropean journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Article
- Cross-species transmission ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- The rise and global spread of IMP carbapenemases (1996-2023): a genomic epidemiology study.Nature communications · 2025Article
- New resistance threat in difficult-to-treat resistanceEmerging microbes & infections · 2025Article
- The rise and global spread of IMP carbapenemases (1996-2023): a genomic epidemiology study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Plasmid Dissemination in Multispecies Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacterales Outbreaks Involving Clinical and Environmental Strains: A Narrative Review.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- A framework towards implementation of sequencing for antimicrobial-resistant and other health-care-associated pathogens.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Molecular Epidemiological Characteristics ofInfection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Resistome and Genome Analysis of an Extensively Drug-ResistantAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Characterization of Beta-Lactam Resistome ofAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Genomic dissection of endemic carbapenem resistance reveals metallo-beta-lactamase dissemination through clonal, plasmid and integron transfer.Nature communications · 2023Article
- High incidence of carbapenemase-producingJAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2023Article
- Article
- Ertapenem Supplemented Selective Media as a New Strategy to Distinguish β-Lactam-Resistant Enterobacterales: Application to Clinical and Wastewater Samples.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Emergence of a Novel Lineage and Wide Spread of aAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Genomic Analysis of aAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHospital outbreaks of carbapenemase-producing organisms, such as blaIMP-4-containing organisms, are an increasing threat to patient safety.
objectivesTo investigate the genomic dynamics of a 10 year (2006-15) outbreak of blaIMP-4-containing organisms in a burns unit in a hospital in Sydney, Australia.
methodsAll carbapenem-non-susceptible or MDR clinical isolates (2006-15) and a random selection of equivalent or ESBL-producing environmental isolates (2012-15) were sequenced [short-read (Illumina), long-read (Oxford Nanopore Technology)]. Sequence data were used to assess genetic relatedness of isolates (Mash; mapping and recombination-adjusted phylogenies), perform in silico typing (MLST, resistance genes and plasmid replicons) and reconstruct a subset of blaIMP plasmids for comparative plasmid genomics.
resultsA total of 46/58 clinical and 67/96 environmental isolates contained blaIMP-4. All blaIMP-4-positive organisms contained five or more other resistance genes. Enterobacter cloacae was the predominant organism, with 12 other species mainly found in either the environment or patients, some persisting despite several cleaning methods. On phylogenetic analysis there were three genetic clusters of E. cloacae containing both clinical and environmental isolates, and an additional four clusters restricted to either reservoir. blaIMP-4 was mostly found as part of a cassette array (blaIMP-4-qacG2-aacA4-catB3) in a class 1 integron within a previously described IncM2 plasmid (pEl1573), with almost complete conservation of this cassette across the species over the 10 years. Several other plasmids were also implicated, including an IncF plasmid backbone not previously widely described in association with blaIMP-4.
conclusionsGenetic backgrounds disseminating blaIMP-4 can persist, diversify and evolve amongst both human and environmental reservoirs during a prolonged outbreak despite intensive prevention efforts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.