ArticleScientific reports2020
Antinflammatory, antioxidant, and behavioral effects induced by administration of growth hormone-releasing hormone analogs in mice.
Article in Scientific reports, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 35 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mesenchymal Stem cell therapy with GHRH receptor analog resolves post-stroke vasogenic edema via modulating AQP4 and mitochondria-ER crosstalk.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Growth hormone-releasing hormone attenuates amyloid deposition and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease models.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Therapeutic potential of growth hormone-releasing hormone analogues in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: mechanisms and preclinical evidence.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Growth hormone-releasing hormone in retinal disorders and uveitis: an updated review.International journal of ophthalmology · 2026Review
- Evaluation of the Therapeutic Potential of Synthetic Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Antagonist MIA-690 as a Cognitive Modulator in a Mouse Model of Gulf War Illness.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone deficiency in mice beyond growth.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Effects of GHRH and its analogues on the Vascular System.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Growth hormone-releasing hormone and cancer.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Growth hormone-releasing hormone signaling and manifestations within the cardiovascular system.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- The development of growth hormone-releasing hormone analogs: Therapeutic advances in cancer, regenerative medicine, and metabolic disorders.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- GHRH in diabetes and metabolism.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Growth hormone - releasing hormone in the immune system.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- GHRH and its analogues in central nervous system diseases.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2025Review
- Growth hormone-releasing hormone and its analogues in health and disease.Nature reviews. Endocrinology · 2025Review
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- Growth hormone - releasing hormone in the context of inflammation and redox biology.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
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- GHRH agonist MR-409 protects β-cells from streptozotocin-induced diabetes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Anti-Inflammatory and Vasorelaxant Effects Induced by an Aqueous Aged Black Garlic Extract Supplemented with Vitamins D, C, and B12 on Cardiovascular System.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) antagonist MIA-690 and GHRH agonist MR-409, previously synthesized and developed by us have demonstrated potent antitumor effects. However, little is known about the effects of these analogs on brain functions. We investigated the potential antinflammatory and antioxidant effects of GHRH antagonist MIA-690 and GHRH agonist MR-409, on isolated mouse prefrontal cortex specimens treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Additionally, we studied their effects on emotional behavior after chronic in vivo treatment. Ex vivo, MIA-690 and MR-409 inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory and pro-oxidative markers. In vivo, both MIA-690 and MR-409 induced anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects, increased norepinephrine and serotonin levels and decreased nuclear factor-kB, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 gene expression in prefrontal cortex. Increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 expression was also found in mice treated with MIA-690 and MR-409. MIA-690 showed higher efficacy in inhibiting all tested inflammatory and oxidative markers. In addition, MR-409 induced a down regulation of the gene and protein expression of pituitary-type GHRH-receptor in prefrontal cortex of mice after 4 weeks of treatment at 5 µg/day. In conclusion, our results demonstrate anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects of GHRH analogs that could involve modulatory effects on monoaminergic signaling, inflammatory and oxidative status.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.