ArticleJournal of biomechanics2020
Effect of investigator observation on gait parameters in individuals with stroke.
Article in Journal of biomechanics, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- Defining and evaluating the Hawthorne effect in primary care, a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Laboratory Environments Mask Gait Differences Between Healthy Participants and Patients With Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society · 2026Article
- Task-specific pain-related fear influences lifting biomechanics differently in individuals with and without occupations involving repetitive lifting tasks.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Observational
- Hang-Time HAR: A Benchmark Dataset for Basketball Activity Recognition Using Wrist-Worn Inertial Sensors.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Hawthorne Effect in Gait Analysis of Children with In-Toeing Caused by Increased Femoral Anteversion.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2022Article
- Measuring Gait Parameters from Structural Vibrations.Measurement : journal of the International Measurement Confederation · 2022Article
- Field Study of Postural Characteristics of Standing and Seated Smartphone Use.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Inter-bout and intra-bout gait variability-proposed objective measures of gait deterioration during prolonged walking in spine care.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2022Article
- Verbal feedback enhances motor learning during post-stroke gait retraining.Topics in stroke rehabilitation · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Improvements in gait speed following various training paradigms applied to patients post-stroke does not always lead to changes in walking performance, defined as gains in daily stepping activity. We hypothesized that testing conditions, specifically the presence of an observer, influences patient behaviors and resultant outcomes may overestimate their true walking capacity. This potential Hawthorne effect on spatiotemporal and biomechanical measures of locomotor function in individuals post-stroke has not been assessed previously. Fifteen ambulatory individuals with chronic stroke wore instrumented insoles and performed two separate normal-pace walking assessments, including unobserved conditions during which participants were unattended and unaware of data collection, and observed conditions with an investigator present. Gait analysis was conducted outside of a laboratory setting using instrumented insoles equipped with a 3D accelerometer and pressure sensors which captured the spatiotemporal kinematics, vertical ground reaction forces and foot acceleration. Data were compared using paired comparisons, with subsequent correlation and stepwise regression analyses to explore potential associations between Hawthorne-induced changes in walking strategies, gait speed and locomotor performance (daily stepping). Except for cadence, other measures of spatiotemporal parameters and swing kinematics (acceleration) were not significantly different between observed vs unobserved conditions. However, analyses of ground reaction forces revealed significantly greater paretic limb loading (Δ1
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.