ArticleReproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E2020
The complex microbiome from native semen to embryo culture environment in human in vitro fertilization procedure.
Article in Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E, 2020. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reproductive tract and follicular fluid microbiota and probiotic interventions in IVF/ICSI outcomes: a systematic review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Pooled it
- Is Lactobacillus spp. beneficial in human semen? Systematic review.JBRA assisted reproduction · 2025Pooled it
- Maternal and infant gut microbiome.iMeta · 2026Review
- Seminal Plasma Microbiome Composition and Its Association with Sperm Morphology in Breeding Boars.Biology · 2026Article
- The overlooked role of the seminovaginal microbiota in infertility: a narrative mini review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Complex in vitro fertilization laboratory factors affecting sperm DNA integrity: A narrative review.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2025Review
- Beyond Genes: Mechanistic and Epidemiological Insights into Paternal Environmental Influence on Offspring Health.Current environmental health reports · 2025Review
- Semen Microbiome, Male Infertility, and Reproductive Health.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Lower Semen Quality Among Men in the Modern Era-Is There a Role for Diet and the Microbiome?Microorganisms · 2025Review
- State-of-the-art approaches in the investigation of human seminal bacteriome using metagenomic methods.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2025Review
- Microbial biomarkers as indicators of sperm viability in an insect.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- Contribution of the seminal microbiome to paternal programming.Biology of reproduction · 2024Review
- Male Tract Microbiota and Male Infertility.Cells · 2024Review
- Leukocytospermia and/or Bacteriospermia: Impact on Male Infertility.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Unraveling the Intricacies of the Seminal Microbiome and Its Impact on Human Fertility.Biology · 2024Review
- IVF cycle safety when a positive passive air sampling occurs under laminar flow hood in absence of a detectable contamination in the embryo culture.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Article
- Effect of environmental factors on seminal microbiome and impact on sperm quality.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Next-Generation Sequencing to Elucidate the Semen Microbiome in Male Reproductive Disorders.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Exploring Immunome and Microbiome Interplay in Reproductive Health: Current Knowledge, Challenges, and Novel Diagnostic Tools.Seminars in reproductive medicine · 2023Review
- Human Male Genital Tract Microbiota.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundOnly a few microbial studies have conducted in IVF (in vitro fertilization), showing the high-variety bacterial contamination of IVF culture media to cause damage to or even loss of cultured oocytes and embryos. We aimed to determine the prevalence and counts of bacteria in IVF samples, and to associate them with clinical outcome.
methodsThe studied samples from 50 infertile couples included: raw (n = 48), processed (n = 49) and incubated (n = 50) sperm samples, and IVF culture media (n = 50). The full microbiome was analyzed by 454 pyrosequencing and quantitative analysis by real-time quantitative PCR. Descriptive statistics, t-, Mann-Whitney tests and Spearman's correlation were used for comparison of studied groups.
resultsThe study involved normozoospermic men. Normal vaginal microbiota was present in 72.0% of female partners, while intermediate microbiota and bacterial vaginosis were diagnosed in 12.0 and 16.0%, respectively. The decreasing bacterial loads were found in raw (35.5%), processed (12.0%) and sperm samples used for oocyte insemination (4.0%), and in 8.0% of IVF culture media. The most abundant genera of bacteria in native semen and IVF culture media were Lactobacillus, while in other samples Alphaproteobacteria prevailed. Staphylococcus sp. was found only in semen from patients with inflammation. Phylum Bacteroidetes was in negative correlation with sperm motility and Alphaproteobacteria with high-quality IVF embryos.
conclusionOur study demonstrates that IVF does not occur in a sterile environment. The prevalent bacteria include classes Bacilli in raw semen and IVF culture media, Clostridia in processed and Bacteroidia in sperm samples used for insemination. The presence of Staphylococcus sp. and Alphaproteobacteria associated with clinical outcomes, like sperm and embryo quality.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.